تدوین و اعتبار یابی الگوی برنامه درسی تلفیقی در آموزش مجازی دوره ابتدایی در شرایط همه گیری کووید-19 (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف: هدف از پژوهش حاضر تحلیل و تبیین الگوی برنامه درسی تلفیقی در آموزش مجازی دوره ابتدایی در شرایط همه گیری کووید-19 بود.روش شناسی: پژوهش حاضر از لحاظ هدف کاربردی، از نظر روش، آمیخته از نوع اکتشافی متوالی و از نظر شیوه گردآوری داده ها در بخش کیفی داده بنیان و در بخش کمی، همبستگی و معادلات ساختاری بود. در بخش اول (کیفی) برای انجام مصاحبه میدانی، مشارکت کنندگان شامل اساتید برنامه ریزی درسی و برخی معلمان ابتدایی برجسته بود که در ارزشیابی معلمان، دارای رتبه های برتر استانی بودند که این افراد، به صورت هدفمند انتخاب گردیدند (20 مصاحبه با 20 نفر و تا حد اشباع نظری ادامه داشت) و در بخش دوم (کمی)، جامعه آماری شامل معلیمن ابتدایی شهر اراک بود (360 نفر). ابزار پژوهش در بخش کیفی مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و در بخش کمی، پرسشنامه (36 گویه و در قالب چهار شاخص) انتخاب شد. برای بررسی و پاسخ به سؤالات پژوهش و رسم و تدوین مدل اندازه گیری و مدل ساختاری از نرم افزارهایMaxQDAPro ، SPSS24 و Smart PLS2 استفاده گردید.یافته ها: نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد که چهار کد محوری فعالیت های یادگیری، اهداف، محتوای برنامه درسی تلفیقی و ارزشیابی پیشرفت تحصیلی به عنوان کدهای محوری مدل برنامه درسی تلفیقی در آموزش مجازی دوره ابتدایی در شرایط همه گیری کووید-19 بودند. همچنین نتایج مدل ساختاری نشان داد هر چهار بعد از برازش کافی برخوردار می باشند.بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج پژوهش حاضر، حتی بعد از پایان دوران پاندومی کووید-19 ، می تواند راهگشای مدیران و برنامه ریزان آموزش ابتدایی کشور برای بهبود آموزش در دوران ابتدایی باشد.Development and Validation of an Integrated Curriculum Model in Elementary School Virtual education in the Context of the Covid-19 Epidemic
Purpose: The educational institution is considered one of the largest producers of information and undoubtedly the largest consumer and storer of information and knowledge, this is important in our country due to the quantitative development of educational institutions and attention to religious and national components. And it has a higher value. The production of knowledge and its optimal application in the process of education and training will increase the knowledge and ability of learners in their most important mission, that is, the training of capable and efficient human resources will succeed more than in the past. However, throughout history and in the contemporary era, there have been many crises that have affected the process of social presence of people in the society and have reduced the desire of people to be outside the house. Seasonal diseases, air pollution, riots and street conflicts, etc. have been among these crises. But the new crisis that has affected all countries is the way of the Covid-19 virus. An outbreak of the novel Covid-19 pneumonia occurred in December 2019 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and caused global concern. As with all disease outbreaks, the first likely psychological response of the general population is fear of contamination. They also fear that this epidemic will continue. The borderless spread of this new and deadly virus has caused the closure of public centers, educational facilities and important events, including various levels of social and research activities, etc. in different parts of the world. In this regard, one of the institutions affected by Covid-19 was educational organizations and institutions such as schools and universities. The aim of this study was to analyze and explain the pattern of integrated curriculum in elementary school virtual education in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic.Methodology: In terms of applied purpose, in terms of method, the present study was a mixture of consecutive exploratory type and in terms of data collection method in the qualitative part of the data base and in the quantitative part, correlation and structural equations. In the first (qualitative) part of the field interview, the participants included curriculum instructors and some prominent elementary teachers who had top provincial rankings in teacher evaluation, and these individuals were purposefully selected (20 interviews). With 20 people and continued to the point of theoretical saturation) and in the second part (quantitative), the statistical population included elementary teachers in Arak (360 people). The research tool in the qualitative part of the interview was semi-structured and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire (36 items in the form of four indicators) was selected. MaxQDAPro, SPSS24 and Smart PLS2 software were used to review and answer the research questions and to draw and compile the measurement model and structural model.Findings: The results of the present study showed that the four central codes of learning activities, objectives, content of the integrated curriculum and evaluation of academic achievement were the central codes of the integrated curriculum model in elementary school virtual education in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic. Also, the results of the structural model showed that all four dimensions have sufficient fit.Conclusion: The results of the present study, even after the end of the Covid-19 pandemic period, can pave the way for primary education managers and planners in the country to improve primary education.
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