چگونگی تعامل ابن ابی داود سجستانی با مناقب امام علی (ع) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
ابوبکر عبدالله بن ابی داوود سجستانی (م316ق)، محدث سرشناس اهل سنت، به سبب رفتار ناهمگون خود، گاه حافظ، فقیه، ثقه و گاهی نادان، کذاب و ناصبی خوانده شده است. از طریق او که در اسناد بسیاری از روایات فریقین ازجمله اسناد روایات شیخ صدوق، مفید، طوسی و سید مرتضی قرار دارد، اخبار قابل توجهی در زمینه مناقب امام علی (ع) وارد شده است. با وجود این، گزارش های شاذ او چون نقل خبر سیلی زدن امام علی (ع) به همسران پیامبر (ص) زمینه ساز اتهام وی به ناصبی بودن است. چگونگی اعتبار رجالی سجستانی و تعامل او با منقبت های امام علی (ع) پرسش های مقاله حاضرند. او نزد عموم اهل حدیث ثقه بوده و برخی رجالیان ازجمله شماری از دانشمندان معاصر شیعه او را نااهل و دشمن دانسته اند. بررسی و تحلیل کارنامه ابن ابی داوود نشان می دهد که وی همانند عموم اهل حدیث در مواجهه با اخبار ناهمگون مناقب از علاج تعارض آن ها بازمانده و برخلاف انتظاری که از محدثی چون او می رود، شمار محدودی از مناقب پرشمار امام علی (ع) را نقل کرده است که دستِ کم، بخشی از آن به منظور خنثی سازی اثر نقل های طعن آمیز او و درجهت تبرئه وی از اتهام به نصب اظهار شده است.How Ibn Abi Dawood interacted with Imam Ali’s(AS) News Virtue
Sa'dī's words, such as the paper, have gone hand in hand with This earth globally, and have been spotted on the eyes of readers and enthusiasts of poetry, one of the items that the works of Sheikh Ajil are always enthusiastic about, the sub-continent of India, and from The sentence of this magnanimous Mirzahar Aghpopal is the throttling of Pikandarabadi (1214-1296), which follows Sa'di's works, and he has three works, called Four Barons, Svanbestan, in response to Sa'di Boulevard and Sa'di's Golestan Sa'di. In this paper, we compared the guarantees of Golestan Hafez and Sa'di's effect in expressing the structural property of the effect of speculation, and we examined and categorized the types of guarantees used in his work. Then, by comparing the guarantees provided by Golestan with the hypothesis of yusefy copies Khazaeli, the idolatry of Golestan Saadi, regarding the recording of a fragment of Golestan's words, the importance of looking at the manuscripts in the subcontinent in the correction of the works of Saadi was pointed out; therefore, the comparison of two books can be from the perspective of correcting Golestan and then Landsat Saadi. Introduction Hadith, is the second base of Islamic knowledge, and has a reputation like the Qur'an. The details of these teachings, including the introduction of values and the value stream that followed the demise of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), have been prominent in leading news. About Imam Ali (AS) has enjoyed the highest personality and behavior, we have most news that has come. After the fall of the Prophet (PBUH), the opposing currents, especially the Umayyah, in various ways, used the news stream, especially the news, to their advantage, in order to destroy the image of the Imam (AS). Then, Muslim scholars then sought to identify the correct news from the incorrect and identified many of these stories. However, many inaccurate news remained unknown and provided a distraction for some traders. Abu Bakr Abdullah bin Abi-Davood Sejestani is a prominent figure in the Quranic and Hadith sciences who, during his peak of his Ahl al-Sunnate activities with his father was in important centers of tradition such as Neyshabur and Baghdad, and because of his heterogeneous behavior was subject to conflicting judgments. (Dhahabi, 1382 AH, 2: 433 Ibid, 1413 AH, 13: 227) He has gained excellence because of his family fame, knowledge and exclusive writings on the Qur'an and hadith, sometimes Hafiz, jurisprudent, saqqa and the sayer of Imam Ali (AS) and sometimes ignorant, false and noble are called. This top scholar of Hadith is quoted in the traditions of Sheikh Saduq, Sheikh Mufid, Sayyid Murtada, Sheikh Tusi and some of the later Shiite communities. The present study seeks to answer the question of the status of Ibn Abi-Davood and the manner in which he behaved in relation to the position of Imam Ali (AS). Finding the answer to these questions will help him to better understand his personality and behavior, especially his attitude towards Imam Ali (AS) as a prophet of the Prophet (peace be upon him). 1.1. Detailed Research Method The research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of collecting the contents of the library. Necessary information is extracted by referring to the Rigali, hadithy, and historical portraits of Farragin - books and paper or software versions. Ibn Abi Abi-Davood is first introduced and praised or blamed by Rejalian Farighine and then the most important allegations are analyzed and investigated. In the following we have the story of Sejestani's behavior in connection with the news of Imam Ali (AS) and that he has occasionally quoted Imam Ali (AS) with imperfections. In various parts, especially when examining his rationale, it is attempted to find out that he had thought and acted within the confines of the hadith, and was credited with it, When confronted with the heterogeneous Sunni hadith heritage and in the midst of the conflict of companions' news due to lack of belief, pride and inadequate skill sometimes include unnecessary news containing Imam Ali's (AS) speeches. And in order to dispel the perilous consequences it has had to infer and this has made him like the Prophet. Discussion Ibn Abi-Davood was famously born in Sejestan in 230 AH and since his early childhood he has been on numerous scientific trips to various parts of the Islamic world, later, the residents of Baghdad and the Sheikhs of the hadiths settled there. Some scholars like Ibn Nadeem, Ibn Abi YAla and Khalili praised him. (Ibn Nadim, ND: 288, Dhahabi, 1413 AH, 14: 502 and Ibid, 2003 AH, 2: 433) And others, like his father, Ibrahim Esfahani, Ibn Sa'ed, and Baghavi. (Ibn Shahin, m, ND: 17, Dhahabi, 1413 AH, 13: 227 and 228, Ibid, 1407 AH, 23: 515, Ibid, 1382 AH, 2: 433 and 434 AH, or Yafi, 1417 AH, 2: 207). The most important crimes against him are falsehood, instincts, arrogance and self-loathing and association with the rulers. (Aboo Noaim 'al-Asbahani, 1934, 2: 211; Ibn Jawzi, 1412, 13: 275; Dhahabi, 1413, 13: 227-230, Ibid, 1382 AH, 2: 434 and Ibid, m, ND, 2: 769) Ibn Abi-Davood has mentioned a number of news on the occasion of Imam Ali (AS) (Ibn Mughazeli, 1426 Q: 214, Sadooq, 1404 Q, 1: 204, Tusi, 1414 Q: 604, Ibn Mughazeli, 1426: 109, 164, 180 and 214, West, m, ND, 2, 469 and Ansari, m, ND, 2: 121, 138 and 168). But on the contrary, he has questioned the validity of some of the news of his (AS) traditions, such as the hadiths of Tair and Ghadir. (Jorjani, 1409 Q, 4: 266, religious, 1413 Q, 13: 232 and Islamic, 1390 Q, 3: 294). He has distorted some news in favor of Mu'awiyah in his favor in addition to mentioning Imam's rivals. (Ibn Asaker, 1415 AH, 54: 282, Ibid, 59: 157, Ibn Jawzi, 1386 AH, 2:27, Dhahabi, m, ND, 2: 496 and Amini, 1397 AH, 10: 146) Rather, he has used humorous news about Imam Ali (AS) and has behaved in such a way that he is sometimes exiled and sometimes sentenced to death. (Abu-noaim, Isbahani, 1934, 2: 211, Ibn hebban Isbahani, 1412 q., 3: 303, Baghdadi, 1417 q: 115, jorjani, 1409 q., 4: 266 w. Religious, 1382 q., 2: 433 and 434). Conclusion Although there are different opinions about the personality of Ibn 'Abi-Davood, But his ratio of deviation from Imam Ali (AS) due to evidence such as inconsistency in narration, pride, having a close relationship with the ruling elites and the presidency makes it clearer and stronger; Therefore, his competence for reflection is contemplated. The charges against him and the events that followed were due to his bold personality and social status. The publication of some prominent parts of Imam Ali (AS), in spite of the prohibition of the rulers on the one hand and the concealment or eradication of it by the Prophet Mohammad, on the other hand, indicates the plurality of Imam Ali (AS). 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