بررسی و نقد ادله آیت الله بروجردی در باب ولایت فقیه در عصر غیبت (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
به واسطه جایگاه عالی آیت الله بروجردی در فقه معاصر شیعه، بررسی نظرات ایشان در باب حوزه اختیارات فقهاء در عصر غیبت از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار است. سؤال اصلی مقاله این است که نظر آیت الله بروجردی در باب ولایت فقها در عصر غیبت چیست؟ در باب نظر آیت الله بروجردی در مورد رابطه دین و سیاست و نیز مسئله ولایت فقیه و دایره اختیارات فقیه، سوءبرداشت هایی در جامعه کنونی رایج است که مراجعه به آثار و منابع اصلی فقهی در این باره می تواند در رفع این سوءبرداشت ها مؤثر باشد. آیت الله بروجردی در آثار متعددی به ارائه دلایلی در باب نظر خویش در مورد ولایت فقیه پرداخته اند. در این پژوهش با استفاده از روش تحلیل و استنباط فقهی به بررسی نظر آیت الله بروجردی در باب ولایت فقیه پرداخته شده است و ادله ای که ایشان در مستند کردن نظر خویش به کار گرفته اند مورد بحث و نقد واقع شده است. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می دهد که بر خلاف تصور اولیه رایج، آیت الله بروجردی قائل به ولایت عامه فقهاء در عصر غیبت بوده اند و ولایت را منحصر در امور حسبیه نمی دانستند. نقدهای صورت گرفته در مقاله نشان می دهد که هر چند در جزئیات ادله می توان برخی از استنتاجات صورت گرفته را مورد نقد و اشکال قرار داد، اما کلیت ادله مطرح شده از وزانت و دقت بالایی برخوردار است.Review and critique of Ayatollah Boroujerdi's arguments about the authority of the jurist in the age of absence of the Infallible
Grand Ayatollah Boroujerdi was one of the most prominent contemporary Shia jurists and the head of the seminary in Qom. Ayatollah Boroujerdi's political thought has always been questionable and ambiguous.In general, Shiite jurists have had two positions on the issue of guardianship of jurists throughout history. Some jurists, such as Imam Khomeini, believe that during the absence of the Infallible, all the powers and political duties of the Imam are the responsibility of the comprehensive jurist. This responsibility of the jurists, in the era of the absence of the jurist, is considered as the political ruler of the society and responsible for the formation of the Islamic government and the implementation of the religious limits. Some scholars, citing the assumption that Ayatollah Boroujerdi did not have a significant political activity during his tenure, consider him to be opposed to the theory of guardianship of the jurispruden during his absence, and others, citing his surviving books and some other historical documents. That he believes in the absolute guardianship of the jurisprudent It is of particular importance to examine the views of this prominent jurist on the jurisprudence of the jurisprudent and the jurisdiction of the jurists during the time of absence. Regarding Ayatollah Boroujerdi's views on the relationship between religion and politics, as well as the issue of governance of jurists and the jurisprudential authority, there are common misconceptions in today's society. In several works, Ayatollah Boroujerdi has presented reasons for his views on governance of jurists In this research, Ayatollah Boroujerdi's opinion on governance of jurists has been studied using the jurisprudential method and the arguments that he has used in documenting his opinion have been discussed and criticized. The results of this study show that, contrary to popular belief, Ayatollah Boroujerdi believed in the public guardianship of the jurists in the time of the Absence and did not consider the guardianship to be limited to the affairs of hasbeh. The critiques in the article show that although the details of some of the conclusions can be criticized in detail, the totality of the arguments presented has great weight and accuracy.
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