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چکیده

این مقاله بر این اعتقاد است که اساساً شعر می تواند مقوله ای فلسفی باشد. ادبیات و به طور خاص شعر، نوعی نگرش به هستی است و ادبیاتی که پشتوانه فلسفی دارد، به صورتی هنرمندانه از نگرش شخص به هستی، زندگی، رنج، مرگ و معنای زندگی سخن می گوید. براساس مطالعه اشعار ابن سینا که در این مقاله انجام شده است، می توان گفت که ابن سینا هرگز فارغ از دغدغه ها و دلواپسی های غایی با خاستگاه اگزیستانسیالیستی نبوده است. آزادی اراده، تنهایی، مرگ و پوچی چهار مسئله اساسی این مطالعه هستند. این مقاله به منظور رسیدن به قضاوتی دقیق تر در مواجهه ابن سینا با هستی و همچنین، پاسخ به معناداری یا بی معنایی زندگی، به بررسی اشعار وی پرداخته است.

Meaningful concerns in Ibn Sina's poems

Heterophenomenology is a term that Daniel Dennett coined against Husserl's phenomenology, and its purpose is to study the problem of consciousness from a third-person perspective, as it is common in natural sciences. Dennett criticizes Husserl's phenomenology due to its reliance on introspection and first-person perspective, as well as the impossibility of creating consensus. The result of this is skepticism, solipsism, and relativism. According to Dennett, the only appropriate and agreeable method for studying consciousness is to focus from a third-person point of view on the processes that go on in the brain and are not available through introspection and from a first-person point of view. Accordingly, Dennett proposes the model of multiple drafts in opposition to the Cartesian Theater to investigate consciousness, according to which all types of perception, thinking, and mental activity in the brain are accompanied by multi-directional processes of interpretation, description, and development within sensory data. In this article, the claim is defended that the criterion of essentialism to distinguish introspection from the phenomenological method, considering Dennett's opposition to any essentialist approach to studying consciousness, is not effective. In addition, the priority of the third-person approach leaves no room for a phenomenological science based on the third-person perspective.

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