مقایسه و تحلیل گرایش های موضوعی پژوهش های علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی در سطح ملی و بین المللی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف: پژوهش حاضر بر آن است تا به مقایسه و تحلیل گرایش های موضوعی پژوهش های علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی در سطح ملی و بین المللی بپردازد.روش: پژوهش حاضر از نوع کاربردی بوده و با رویکرد تطبیقی انجام گرفته است. جامعه ی مورد مطالعه شامل پژوهش های جهانی نمایه شده در پایگاه وب آو ساینس طی سال های 2019-1945 و پژوهش های ایرانی نمایه شده در پایگاه آی. اس. سی. طی سال های 1398-1351 در علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی هستند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با محاسبه ی درصد فراوانی و آزمون کای اسکوئر انجام گرفت.یافته ها: یافته ها نشان داد که میان شماری از حوزه های پژوهشی علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی در سطح ملی و بین المللی اختلاف معنی داری وجود دارد. این حوزه ها عبارتند از: مبانی نظری؛ کتابخانه ها و مراکز اطلاعاتی؛ اشتغال و کارآفرینی؛ پژوهش و نشر؛ فناوری اطلاعات؛ مطالعات وب؛ مدیریت دانش؛ مدیریت منابع اطلاعاتی؛ سازماندهی اطلاعات؛ بازیابی اطلاعات؛ اقتصاد اطلاعات؛ هوش مصنوعی؛ داده کاوی؛ علم سنجی؛ نظام های اطلاعاتی؛ موتورهای جستجو؛ مطالعات کاربران؛ ارتباطات علمی؛ پایگاه های اطلاعاتی؛ و اخلاق اطلاعات.نتیجه گیری: مقایسه ی موضوعات پژوهش های ایرانی و جهانی نشان داد که حوزه هایی مانند فناوری اطلاعات، مطالعات وب، اقتصاد اطلاعات، هوش مصنوعی، داده کاوی، نظام های اطلاعاتی، موتورهای جستجو، و پایگاه های اطلاعاتی در میان پژوهش های بین المللی گرایش بیش تری داشتند و حوزه هایی مانند مبانی نظری، حوزه های مرتبط با کتابخانه ها و کارکردهای آن ها، پژوهش، مدیریت دانش، بازیابی اطلاعات، و علم سنجی در میان پژوهش های ایرانی مرسوم تر بودند.Comparison and analysis of thematic trends in library and information science research at the national and international levels
IntroductionOne of the important aspects of scientific research that can provide the basis for scientific growth and development is their thematic content. Considering the importance of paying attention to the experiences of advanced countries in problem-finding and selecting research subjects, the present research aims to compare and analyze the subject trends of library and information science research at the national and international level.Literature ReviewA review of various studies shows that few studies have been conducted with the approach of comparing the subject trends of library and information science researches at the national level with the researches conducted in advanced countries. China (Rochester & Vakkari, 1998) and India (Dora & Kumar, 2019) were among the countries that compared national and international researches. The results showed that the research topics of this field in more advanced countries were strongly influenced by the educational, research and social structure of those countries and were very different from the research topics conducted in India. The only comparative study conducted in Iran in the field of librarianship and information science was related to (2000) Usefi, which examined the studies of more than 25 years during a limited period (two years).MethodologyThe present study is of applied type and has been done with a comparative approach between the fields of national and international research. The study population includes 84875 articles indexed in Clarity Analytics database during the years 1945-2019 and 4664 Iranian articles indexed in the ISC database during the years 1972-2019 in the library and information science. The source and tool for extracting research data to review international research topics was the Clarivate Analytics database and the ISC database to review Iranian research topics. In this study, in order to develop a thematic classification plan of articles, the method of reviewing resources and to assign articles to each of the thematic categories, the method of Automatic classification, which is one of the applications of textual analysis, was used. Data analysis was performed by calculating the frequency percentage and Chi-square test and using SPSS 22 software.ResultsThe findings showed that there is a significant difference between the number of research areas of library and information science at the national and international level. Fields such as information technology, web studies, information economy, artificial intelligence, data mining, information systems, search engines, and databases were more trending among international research, and fields such as theoretical foundations, fields related to libraries and their functions, research, knowledge management, information retrieval and scientometrics were more common among Iranian researches.DiscussionDuring recent decades, the world has been moving towards digital and virtual space. In this space, developments such as the increase in the volume of information and the emergence of big data on the one hand and the development of information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence tools and big data processing on the other hand, have affected the level of expectations of the people of the society from the services of libraries and the organization and accessibility of information. Has set. For this reason, librarians, information specialists and managers of libraries and information centers have taken advantage of the achievements of fields related to computer science, information technology and artificial intelligence in order to face new developments and manage large amounts of data in order to transform the traditional functions of libraries. In addition, researchers in the field of information science and epistemology, especially at the international level, are more and more interested in studying and researching in the field of data science and acquiring the most up-to-date scientific achievements and knowing the latest related tools and technologies in order to play their effective role in this space. are competitive.ConclusionThe results of the current research show that the field of library and information science at the international level has established a stronger relationship with other fields, especially artificial intelligence, computer science, information and communication technology. Also, at the global level, digitization processes and information growth are faster and smart technologies and tools have made more progress than third world countries and especially Iran. In other words, advanced countries due to having more economic and political power, more advanced social structure, being a leader in information and communication technology developments, more financial and spiritual support from the governments and officials of these countries for researchers and providing a suitable platform for scientific studies, access Faster access to information sources, and the appropriateness of educational and research programs with the needs and expectations of society members, have a more targeted planning to identify the problem and choose a topic in line with the real problems and needs and in sync with the developments of the day, to carry out their research. Therefore, at the international level, applied topics based on web and internet developments and information and communication technologies should face more trends and a faster growth trend than Iranian research topics.