تبیین الگوهای رفتار جمعی و تأثیر آن بر رشد و شکوفایی کودکان در فضاهای عمومی کلان شهر مشهد (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
محیط بستری برای رخ داد انواع رفتارهای اجتماعی است. رفتارهای انسانی برآیندی از انگیزه ها و نیازهای فرد، قابلیت محیط، تصویر ذهنی ناشی از ادراک او از دنیای خارج و معنایی که این تصویر برای او دارد، می باشد. انسان ها همواره بخش قابل توجهی از وقت روزانه خود را در فضاهای عمومی شهر به سر می برند و تحت تأثیر این فضاها الگوهای رفتاری خاصی از خود بروز می دهند، دراین بین پارک های شهری به عنوان یکی از مهم ترین فضاهای عمومی شهرهاست که باید موردتوجه برنامه ریزان و مدیران شهری قرار گیرد. از همین رو یکی از هدف های اصلی این مقاله تبیین الگوهای رفتار جمعی و تأثیر آن بر میزان رشد و خودشکوفایی کودکان در استفاده از انواع پارک های شهری کلان شهر مشهد می باشد. این پژوهش از نوع کاربردی بوده و روش آن نیز توصیفی – تحلیلی است. همچنین از روش های آمار ناپارامتریک مانند آماره کای دو، جهت سنجش و تحلیل 384 پرسشنامه مردمی به کمک نرم افزار SPSS بهره گرفته شده است و برای روایی پرسشنامه های تحقیق از تحلیل عاملی و برای پایایی پرسشنامه ها از روش آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شده است. جمع نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان می دهد که الگوهای رفتاری شهروندان در پارک های موردمطالعه در مناطق چهارگانه (یک، نه، یازده و ثامن) شهر مشهد تحت تأثیر کیفیت طراحی و میزان مطلوبیت فضاهای داخلی پارک ها بوده که این مهم خود بر شاخص رشد و شکوفایی کودکان تأثیر بسزایی دارد به طوری که هر چه فضاهای عمومی ازجمله پارک های شهری که محل برقراری تعاملات اجتماعی است از کیفیت بالاتری برخوردار باشد، رفتارهای جمعی هدفمندتری در این گونه فضاها شکل می گیرد و این مسئله بر میزان یادگیری، رشد و شکوفایی کودکانی که به همراه والدین خود به پارک می آیند تأثیر بسزایی دارد.Explaining the patterns of collective behavior and its impact on the growth and prosperity of children in public spaces of the metropolis of Mashhad
Extended Abstract Introduction Spatial planning and design of urban planners and designers in public areas of the city, which is a place for gathering and wide social interactions of people can play an effective role in directing behavioral patterns; On the other hand, human beings, as the most important actors in the social arena of the city, get the most influence from the environment. In environmental psychology, human behavior is influenced by factors such as physical factors of the environment, symbolic data, design data and the spirit of the environment. Urban spaces always provide a platform for the manifestation of behavioral patterns that are themselves the product of the identity factor and the interactions resulting from human and social activities; Therefore, in designing spaces, it is necessary to consider the human presence and how he perceives and behaves from space and the surrounding environment. The special place of Mashhad metropolis due to the annual arrival volume of 27 million pilgrims-tourists and the allocation of the second most populous city in Iran, has caused many people to spend their leisure time in public spaces of this city, especially parks, which makes it necessary to pay attention to citizens' behavior. It doubles the public spaces and if these places used as an important part of the public spaces of the city have the desired quality, proper spatial arrangement, beautiful furniture, lighting and special colors, etc., they can exist. Bring behavioral patterns, especially specific collective behaviors that have a significant impact on the growth and development of children. After reviewing previous research in this article, we seek to explain the patterns of collective behavior and its impact on the growth and prosperity of children in public spaces of cities. It can not affect the growth and development of children who are present in public spaces such as parks, in this article, the behavioral patterns expressed by children and their parents when exposed to other children can be found in spaces Generally influence the growth and development of viewer children. Methodology The research method of this research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. Also, non-parametric statistical methods such as chi-square statistics have been used to measure and analyze 384 popular questionnaires using SPSS software. Factor analysis has been used for the validity of research questionnaires and Cronbach's alpha method has been used for the reliability of the questionnaires. Results and discussion In the discussion of research findings, it was concluded that the three items of open spaces, defenseless urban spaces and land use, which are part of the factors of urban space, have the greatest impact on the behavior of citizens. Elevated items, geometric shapes and safe urban spaces have no effect on behaviorism. Because the value of t-statistic for these three factors is less than 1.96. The three items of lighting, monitoring and music, which are part of the environment, have the greatest impact on the behavior of citizens. Airflow items do not affect behaviorism. Because the value of t-statistic for this factor is less than 1.96 Also, the results of the citizens' questionnaire regarding the analysis of effective factors in creating behavioral patterns of citizens show that the average effect of all physical-functional characteristics in the optimal design of parks is high and the average characteristics of "attention to diversity index" Activities in the design of parks "," Number of entrances entrances and 2 entrances "," Attention to the index of use of water (drains, flowers, etc.) "and" Attention to the index The use of Z and Z in the park is equal to 4.9 and more than other features. The average impact of all socio-cultural features on the optimal design of parks is more than 4 and is high. The average of the features of "Paying attention to the brightness index of all parts of the crack . together" is equal to 4.933 and is higher than other features. The average impact of all environmental features on the optimal design of parks is more than 4 and is high. The average characteristics of "Paying attention to the index of cars and cars in parks" and "Paying attention to the index of how to paint the signs of cars" is equal to 4.900 and more than other characteristics. Finally, the level of ownership of the four selected regions in the city of Mashhad was studied and analyzed based on the relevant indicators. According to the research findings, it can be stated that the behavioral patterns of people in the use of Mashhad metropolitan parks are directly affected by the desirability of environmental quality, type of design and arrangement of elements. Conclusion As a result, today's cities, under the influence of uncoordinated urban systems and the inefficient system of regional and urban planning and the imbalance in regional and national spaces, have an inappropriate growth. Meanwhile, urban parks and green spaces are one of the most prominent public spaces that receive a large part of the urban population on a daily basis. The sum of the results of this study shows that the behavioral patterns of citizens in the studied parks in the four areas (one, nine, eleven and Samen) of Mashhad are influenced by the design quality and the desirability of the interior spaces of the parks. The growth and prosperity of children has a great impact so that the higher the quality of public spaces such as urban parks where social interactions are, the more purposeful collective behaviors are formed in such spaces and this issue affects the rate of learning, growth and The flourishing of children who come to the park with their parents has a great impact because children learn everything they see and repeat.
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