Corona Pandemic

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the macro requirements of online education with emphasis on the corona pandemic. The method of conducting research is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). To conduct this research, in addition to the documentary study, the content analysis technique with MAXQDA12 software was used to identify the dimensions and indicators and to determine the share of each factor, the confirmatory factor analysis method of smart pls3 software was used. The statistical population in this study was in the qualitative part of all experts in the field of educational management and governmental and higher education, which was conducted after 17 saturated interviews. In the quantitative section, all faculty members of Tehran universities were selected according to Morgan's table, 353 samples were selected by simple random method. Finally, 7 dimensions and 41 indicators were identified. The structural equation method of smartpls3 software was used to draw the pattern. The results showed that the dimensions of Social and cultural requirements (0.874), Infrastructure requirements (0.872), Educational and research requirements (0.796), Policy and strategic requirements (0.791), Financial and economic requirements (0.779), Legal requirements (0.716) and Managerial and organizational requirements (0.694) are the most important in the macro requirements of online education based on the Corona pandemic, respectively..

Purpose- The main goal of this article is to investigate the effects of the corona pandemic on the resilience of the livelihood of the villagers of the Oraman District of Sarvabad County. Moreover, the study aimed to measure the villagers' resilience and ability to adapt to crises and propose solutions to improve their livelihood resilience.Design/methodology/approach- The research approach is a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative methods. Data collection was theoretical, using documentary and survey methods. The statistical population of the research include three groups of local people (300 people according to Cochran's method), development officials (18 people according to the targeted method), and experts of the region (12 people according to the targeted method).Findings- Data analysis using inferential statistics tests (chi-square, Friedman rank, Pearson correlation) showed that two components gained averages of 2.63 and 2.72 at a significance level of 0.01. Therefore, the livelihood resilience of the villagers in Oraman District is in a bad situation in both dimensions of confrontation and adaptation. Also, the results suggest a direct, positive and significant relationship between the reduction of both dimensions of livelihood resilience and the overall livelihood resilience of the villagers.Practical implications- The leading solution to improve the livelihood resilience of the villagers in the region against crises is to change the managerial perspective of crisis management from a traditional and passive approach to a new proactive approach. To this end, in addition to training development managers, there is a need to train locals and form a crisis management unit headquarters with adequate performance, efficiency and up-to-date knowledge and awareness.Originality/Value- Livelihood resilience is major in achieving livelihood sustainability to ensure the optimal quality of life and the living environment. One of the pressures on the livelihood system of the villagers in the last two years was the Corona pandemic. Therefore, identifying these effects and planning to solve them can help to reduce the vulnerability and thus increase the livelihood resilience of the villagers.

INTRODUCTION: Given the key role of the media in changing the attitudes and behavior of audiences, this study focuses on the impact of Iran's national media in strengthening or weakening public trust. Ineffective information dissemination in crises can lead to the spread of rumors and reduced collective participation. The aim of this research is to provide a scientific and practical framework and strategies for promoting media persuasion in crisis situations and its management with an emphasis on the Corona pandemic. METHODS: This applied research was conducted with a mixed approach. In the qualitative part, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 national media experts and managers and analyzed using data-based theory in three coding stages (open, axial, and selective). In the quantitative part, the extracted components were used as the basis for designing a specialized questionnaire based on the AHP technique, which was distributed among 400 media experts and analyzed with Expert Choice software. The validity of the tools was confirmed by experts and the reliability was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha of 0.87. FINDINGS: Data analysis showed that the most effective media persuasion strategies in the Corona crisis are: transparency and honesty of information (0.23), use of trusted experts (0.19), production of targeted content (0.17), two-way interaction with audiences (0.15), institutional cohesion (0.13), and use of new technologies (0.13). These components explain a total of 78% of the variance in public trust. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that effective persuasion in health crises requires a multidimensional approach that simultaneously pays attention to content, structural, and communication dimensions. The model proposed in this study can be a basis for designing national media strategies in future crises and systematic implementation of these strategies can increase the effectiveness of persuasion by up to 70%.