Lived Experiences

Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to analyze the lived experiences of male first grade high school students regarding sex education with an emphasis on providing a curriculum model. Methodology: The method of the present study was qualitative-phenomenological and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study was the male high school students of Isfahan in the academic year of 2018-19, who were interviewed by semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 17 of them by purposeful sampling method until they reached theoretical saturation. Data analysis was performed at three levels of open, axial and selective coding. To validate the findings, the researcher and colleagues first reviewed the entire coding process and then provided it to 6 professors and experts. Satisfactory and approved. Findings: The findings were classified into two main categories which are: “Objectives” and “Content”. Regarding the “Objectives” group, 4 main components (being familiar with the type of dressing and hijab, sexual recognition, responsibilities related to sexual functions, and prevention of sexual deviations) and 18 sub-components in terms of the content of the curriculum based on sexual education, 6 components (reproduction, sexual relationships, sexual maturity, sexual abuse, sexual health, and sexual information references) and 23 sub-components were obtained. Conclusion: According to the present data, it may be stated that based on the students' viewpoint, recognizing sexual issues is considered to be a need that should be adequately addressed and understood during the educational period at school.

Purpose: The present research aimed to designing a teaching pattern from students’ lived experiences of the teaching process in universities of Iran in technical and engineering disciplines. Methodology: This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation was qualitative from type of phenomenological. The study population consisted of postgraduate and PhD students in technical and engineering disciplines of Australian universities (Melbourne, Monash and Swinburne) in 2018 year who had the experience of studying at the undergraduate and graduate levels in Iran country. The research sample according to the theoretical saturation principle was determined 10 people who were selected by purposive sampling method. Data were collected through semi-structured depth interview method which its validity was confirmed by the method of reconstruction of reality and its reliability was confirmed by conducting interviews in a quiet and unbiased atmosphere and to analyze data used from thematic coding method. Findings: Findings showed that students’ lived experiences of the teaching process in Iranian universities in technical and engineering fields had 197 initial concepts and 38 final concepts in 3 main components: professor (23 concepts), student (7 concepts) and content (8 concepts). Also, based on the concepts and components derived from the students’ lived experiences of the teaching process, the teaching model in technical and professional fields was designed and approved based on the opinion of experts. Conclusion: According to the results, planners and officials to design curriculum and professors to improve their teaching can use the teaching model designed in this research to improve the quality of education in universities.

Annually, a good number of Iranian students who have completed their undergraduate studies in non-English-related majors apply and enroll in Master’s level Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) programs. Although evaluating MA TEFL program in Iran from university instructors’ and students’ perspectives has so far been the subject of several studies, the experiences and views of these TEFL major-changers have not been duly explored. To address the existing gap, in this qualitative research, the experiences of major-changers studying TEFL at MA level in three state universities in Tehran have been investigated. Besides, six TEFL university instructors were asked to share their perspectives concerning major-changers attending MA TEFL programs. In the main , the findings revealed that motives like interest in pursuing an English teaching career rather than a job related to their former major; gaining the required competency through attending crash courses held by university exam preparatory institutes; facing challenges in acquiring the specialized discourse of the community; and witnessing realities which ran counter to their prior supposition, as discussed by the major-changers and the instructors, formed part of the lived experiences and views of these major-changers.

Purpose : The aim of present research was identifying the effective components on managing the challenges of thesis writing based on the lived experiences of PhD students in Islamic Azad University. Methodology : This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was phenomenological from type of qualitative. The research population was students and graduates of the PhD period of humanities fields at the Islamic Azad University in 2020-21 academic years. The research sample according to the principle of theoretical saturation was determined 12 people which were selected by purposive sampling method. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews whose validity by 15 professors was obtained by the relative content validity coefficient method 0.866 and its reliability by the Holsti coefficient method was obtained 0.865. Finally, the data were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding method in MAXQDA-18 software. Findings : The results showed that for managing the challenges of thesis writing based on the lived experiences of PhD students were identified 67 indicators in 13 sub-components and 3 main components. The main components were included administrative-organizational solutions (with three sub-components of maximum use of virtual systems, modification of the thesis doing process and financial assistance), solutions (with three sub-components of increase study, proper planning and strengthening skills) and educational strategies Conclusion : The results of this study have practical implications for graduate officials and planners, and they can use the identified components to properly manage the challenges of thesis writing and improve them in the higher education system.  

هدف این پژوهش مدلی از برنامه درسی کارآفرینی در مدرسه برای کودکان کار بود. روش کیفی (تئوری زمینه ای) بود. داده ها از طریق 20 مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته با اساتید انتخاب شده به روش نمونه گیری هدفمند جمع آوری شد. داده ها در سه مرحله تحلیل و تحلیل قرار گرفت. مدلی شامل 5 بعد، 12 دسته اصلی و 28 زیرمجموعه ارائه و با چک کردن اعضا اعتبار سنجی شد. دسته بندی ها به شرح زیر شرایط است: علی (اقتصاد پایه، جامعه کارآفرینی، تغییر ماهیت شغل، دسترسی سریع به شغل، دیدگاه پویا به شغل، دانش، قابلیت تخریب مهارت ها). شرایط زیربنایی (شبکه سازی، سرمایه فکری در هم تنیده، دانش در هم تنیده، ادغام). عوامل مداخله گر (پذیرش کارآفرینی، نگاه توطئه آمیز، مداخله سیاسی نامناسب، دیدگاه کجااندیشانه نسبت به کارآفرینی، تعصب علیه). راهبردها (آموزش پویا، آموزش بین رشته ای، آموزش مدرسه، آموزش موضوعی، آموزش تک بعدی). پیامدها (ترویج تفکر و نگرش کارآفرینی، مفهوم سازی کارآفرینی، تفکر مولد، تفکر چند بعدی، مشارکت در کاهش مصرف، کاهش مصرف کودکان کار). یک برنامه درسی جامع که تمام جنبه های حوزه، محیط، فناوری و اطلاعات مربوط به کودکان کار را پوشش می دهد به عنوان یک مقوله مرکزی شناسایی می شود. مفهوم سازی کارآفرینی، تفکر مولد، تفکر چند بعدی، مشارکت کودکان کار، کاهش فقر، کاهش کار کودکان. یک برنامه درسی جامع که تمام جنبه های حوزه، محیط، فناوری و اطلاعات مربوط به کودکان کار را پوشش می دهد به عنوان یک مقوله مرکزی شناسایی می شود. مفهوم سازی کارآفرینی، تفکر مولد، تفکر چند بعدی، مشارکت کودکان کار، کاهش فقر، کاهش کار کودکان. یک برنامه درسی جامع که تمام جنبه های حوزه، محیط، فناوری و اطلاعات مربوط به کودکان کار را پوشش می دهد به عنوان یک مقوله مرکزی شناسایی می شود.

Objective:  This research aimed to study mothers' lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The research methodology was qualitative, and the research type was phenomenological. The statistical population of the study consisted of mothers with student children who had high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress based on the DASS-24 questionnaire due to the experience of the coronavirus pandemic in 2021 The sampling method was purposeful and continued until theoretical saturation was reached (30 people). Collaizi's seven-step analysis method was applied to analyze the interviews. The gathering and analysis of the data were handled simultaneously. Results:  1177 codes were extracted and eventually categorized into 6 components. The findings indicate that we can study mothers' lived experiences during the spread of COVID-19 from six perspectives: constructive lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, emergence, and development of psychological issues, social issues, educational and cultural issues, family issues, and physical and systemic issues. Conclusion: The findings of the current research showed that the widespread of the COVID-19 disease had created problems in the different fields of life from the mothers' point of view, But the spread of this disease has provided them with positive experiences such as self-improvement and personal growth.