Male students

Purpose: The present study aimed to discuss the effectiveness of mindfulness training method on male students’ self-efficacy and intelligence beliefs. Methodology: The present study method of data collection was descriptive and correlational method. The statestical population consists of all male students in secondary schools of Qouchan city in academic year of 96-97. The studied sample includes 30 members , who were selected from the intended population employing multicluster sampling method and were randomly substituted in a experimental group (15 members) and control group (15 members). Findings: The results indicated that mindfulness training influenced male students’ self-efficacy and intelligence beliefs. Descriptive results indicated that the average scores of pretest and posttest for variables of self-efficacy and intelligence beliefs was not different. Also the results of effect tests among subjects which were conducted by covariance method, indicated that scores of intelligence beliefs and self-efficacy in test group was higher than control group. Discussion: It deserves that teachers and educators provide more and better opportunities for learning, by preparing appropriate conditions for self-efficacy growth and extrinsic intelligence beliefs increase, by mindfulness training method.

Purpose: The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual education on happiness and responsibility of male Students. Methodology: The present study was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population was eighth grade Male Students of Imam رضا school of Mashhad city in 2017-18 academic years. Totally 40 students were selected by a purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two equal groups (each group 20 students). The experimental group received 10 sessions of 80-minute multidimensional spiritual education and the control group didn't receive training. The research tools were Oxford happiness questionnaire and responsibility subscale of California psychological inventory. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and multivariate analysis of covariance methods in SPSS version-21 software. Findings: The findings showed that in the pre-test there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of happiness and responsibility (P>0.05), but in the post-test, there was a significant difference between them (P<0.05). Then, multidimensional spiritual education led to increasing happiness (F=11.79, P<0.001) and responsibility (F=5.36, P<0.025) in male Students. Conclusion: The results indicate the effectiveness of multidimensional spiritual education on happiness and responsibility. Therefore, it is recommended that counselors and therapists use a multidimensional spiritual education method along with other educational methods to improve psychological characteristics, especially promotion happiness and responsibility.

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effectiveness of Wells’ meta-cognitive therapy on improvement of the level of emotional intelligence on male students of high school in Khoramabad, during the academic year of 2018-2019. The statistical Population of the study consisted of all the male students of high schools in Khoramabad. The study sample consisted of 30 students that were selected by multiphasic cluster sampling. The 30 selected subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of control and experimental; the experimental group received 7 sessions of Wells’ meta-cognitive therapy. Both groups were evaluated in three stages of pretest-posttest and follow-up. The study instruments consisted of Bar-On Emotional Intelligence-Inventory. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical and inferential statistical and using the SPSS software. The Statistical results indicated that Wells’ meta-cognitive therapy was effective on improvement of the emotional intelligence level. Findings obtained from analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated that Wells’ metacognitive therapy is effective on improving the level of emotional intelligence of male students in high schools in Khorramabad (P≥0.001). According to the results of this study, the Wells’ metacognitive therapy can be used to improve the level of emotional intelligence of students.

Purpose: Functional Movement Screening Test (FMS) is a tool that has the ability to determine a person's potential for the possibility of suffering from musculoskeletal abnormalities and sports injuries. FMS tests include seven functional movement tests that evaluate trunk, central strength and stability, neuromuscular coordination, asymmetry in movement, and flexibility. The purpose of this research was to determine the norm of the functional motor screening test in the male handball players of the Sepahan club in Isfahan. Method: The method of collecting information is cross-sectional and in terms of practical purpose. For this purpose, 30 male students aged 14-16 from Sepahan Handball Club of Isfahan were evaluated by performing 7 FMS tests. Findings: The norm of FMS test in 14-year-old students was 14.39±1.66, in 15-year-old students it was 15.85±1.47, and in 16-year-old students it was 15.29±1.21. Therefore, it can be stated that the FMS scores in these people are in a better condition compared to related studies in this age group. Also, the test scores separately showed that 75% of this population does not have enough stability in the central part of the body. Discussion and conclusion: In many sports activities, the movements of the upper and lower limbs need to have sufficient stability in the central area, if there is no stability in this area, energy transfer does not take place well. Since this age group is at the beginning of official sports competitions and considering that the clinical usefulness of FMS is limited by the lack of Norm index in Iran, sports medicine specialists and sports team coaches can evaluate the value of Norm scores to diagnose and identify people. at the risk of physical deformity and injury at different ages and plan bodybuilding and corrective exercises based on it