مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

mortality


۱.

Relationship between Air Pollutants and Mortality from Cardiorespiratory Diseases in Mashhad: A Step Towards Increasing Citizens’ Awareness of Adverse Effects of Pollutants(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار سال هفتم تابستان ۱۳۹۸ شماره ۴ 117 - 126

کلیدواژه‌ها: Air pollution cardiorespiratory diseases mortality awareness

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۶۲۰ تعداد دانلود : ۴۳۰
Air pollution in different cities of the world is a complex mixture of toxic components, including particulate matter (PM), mainly produced by combustion processes. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted to investigate the relationship between air pollutants and mortality from cardiorespiratory diseases in Mashhad. To this end, the data on mortality from cardiorespiratory diseases in 2012-2013 were obtained from Razavi Khorasan Health Organization. The mean daily concentration of air pollutants, including carbon monoxide (CO), PM with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less (PM<sub>10</sub>), and PM<sub>2.5</sub> was calculated. The results of data analysis showed that there was a relationship between PM<sub>10</sub> concentration and the rate of mortality from cardiovascular diseases in men. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between PM<sub>10</sub> concentration and the rate of mortality from respiratory diseases in both men and women. The results indicated that there was a significant relationship between PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration and the rate of mortality from cardiorespiratory diseases in both men and women. There was also a significant relationship between CO concentration and the rate of mortality from respiratory diseases in women. The results demonstrated that PM<sub>2.5</sub> has the greatest effect on mortality from cardiorespiratory diseases. The study findings were reported within the context of environmental communication by using the media tools to raise public awareness of the adverse effects of pollutants.
۲.

Assessment of mortality risk in Poland due to cold and heat stress and predictions to 2100(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: پژوهشهای تغییرات آب و هوایی سال اول زمستان ۱۳۹۹ شماره ۴ 67 - 75

کلیدواژه‌ها: Heat stress Cold stress mortality climate change Adaptation Poland

حوزه‌های تخصصی:
تعداد بازدید : ۵۴۹ تعداد دانلود : ۳۷۷
Cold and heat stress are environmental factors influencing the state of health of individuals and the wider population. There is a large number of research to document significant increases in mortality and morbidity during cold and heat waves in every climate zone. In spite of the well-documented nature of heat/cold-related health problems, only in few countries local or national authorities have developed any special adaptation strategies for their healthcare systems (HCS), with a view to addressing predicted increases in the frequency and severity of cold- and heat-stress events. Such strategies draw on epidemiological and climatological research.  For example in Poland in the years 2012-2015 research project pursued to study regional differentiation in climate-related diseases in Poland, with regional-level predictions for their occurrence through to 2100. The results of the project were applied in a national strategy for adaptation to climate change This paper presents key results of the part of this project dealing with heat- and cold related mortality in various regions of Poland. Overall, in the near future a 4-28% increase in the number of days imposing heat stress is anticipated, and may result in heat-related mortality significantly higher by the last decade of the 21 st century than in the years 1991-2000 (at a level between 137 and 277%).
۳.

Assessment of Traffic Accidents Referred to Hospitals and Forensic Medicine Department in Nikshahr, Iran, between 2014-2018(مقاله پژوهشی وزارت بهداشت)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Rescue and Relief, Volume ۱۴, Issue ۳, Serial ۵۴ (۲۰۲۲) 156-162

کلیدواژه‌ها: Epidemiology Traffic Accidents mortality Nikshahr injuries

تعداد بازدید : ۳۸۸ تعداد دانلود : ۳۰۵
INTRODUCTION: Iran, especially the Sistan-Baluchestan province, is one of the countries with the highest rates of accidents and traffic-related deaths. The present study aimed to evaluate traffic accidents referred to hospitals and the Forensic Medicine Department in Nikshahr in Sistan-Baluchestan province, Iran, during 2014-2018. METHODS: In this retrospective descriptive and analytical study, the statistical population included traffic accidents referred to hospitals and the Department of Forensic Medicine in Nikshahr. The data related to the variables of age, gender, location of the accident (inside or outside urban areas, rural roads), condition of the injured, severity of the injury, and the time of the accident were collected using a checklist. After determining the descriptive statistical indicators, the incidents were analyzed using chi-square and correlation tests. FINDINGS: During the study years in Nikshahr, a total of 3,669 people were involved in road accidents, out of whom 339 cases lost their lives. The highest rate of accidents (36%; n=1321) was in the age group of 19-29 years. Regarding education, 3, 260 (88.8%) crash victims were illiterate and without a university degree, while 409 (11.15%) cases had academic education. It was also detected that 1,879 (51.2%) accident victims were motorcycle riders with reported fractures, severe injuries, head injuries, and death. CONCLUSION: The results of the current pointed to the high rate of traffic-related deaths in Nikshahr, especially in summer. Therefore, prevention management is necessary to reduce traffic accidents and fatalities.
۴.

The Effect of Rescue and Relief Services on the Severity of Traffic Accidents(مقاله پژوهشی وزارت بهداشت)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Rescue and Relief, Volume ۱۵, Issue ۳, Serial ۵۸ (۲۰۲۳) 226-236

کلیدواژه‌ها: Rescue and Relief Traffic Accidents severity mortality

تعداد بازدید : ۵۴۳ تعداد دانلود : ۲۳۳
INTRODUCTION: According to the official statistics, a high rate of road traffic deaths occurs during the transportation of the injured and in medical centers. The way of transporting the injured to the medical centers, the standard time of dispatch and timely treatment in the hospitals, the land use planning of medical centers and rehabilitation are the three missing links of the post-event phase. Therefore, the researchers aimed to assess the effect of rescue and relief services on the severity of traffic accidents in this study. METHODS: This applied research was conducted based on an exploratory mixed method. The statistical population in the qualitative section included Amin Police Academy professors, experts of both Red Crescent Society (RCS) of Tehran province and Tehran Emergency Medical Service (EMS), who were selected via purposive sampling method. In the qualitative section, the theme analysis method was used and analyzed by using Maxqda-2020 software. The statistical population of the quantitative part included excellent accident experts of 28 districts of Tehran and experts of the RCS and EMS of Tehran province in a stratified random method. In the following, confirmatory factor analysis using structural equation modeling method was used and analyzed with SmartPLS3 software. FINDINGS: The dimensions of the impact of rescue and relief services on the severity of traffic accidents from the perspective of Red Crescent Society and Emergency Medical Services experts included equipment (31.077), land use planning (25.610), expertise (23.598), and education (8.243). The most marked impact was related to equipment, and the least impact pertained to education. Furthermore, the dimensions of the effect of rescue and relief services on the severity of traffic accidents from the perspective of accident experts included equipment (42.009), land use planning (34.419), education (33.770), and expertise (8.951). The greatest impact was related to equipment, and the least effect pertained to expertise. In addition, the factor loadings of all dimensions were more than 0.5 being significant at the 0.95 level. CONCLUSION: Strengthening and developing equipment, land use planning balanced with the geography of missions, and continuous specialized training of rescue and relief of RCS and EMS experts will positively reduce the severity of traffic accidents in the country.
۵.

The Intra-city/Extra-city Paradox in Iran's Road Safety: Disparities in Accident Frequency and Fatality Rates(مقاله پژوهشی وزارت بهداشت)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Rescue and Relief, Volume ۱۷, Issue ۴, Serial ۶۷ (۲۰۲۵) 219-229

کلیدواژه‌ها: Road Traffic Accidents injury prevention mortality Public Health Intra-city/Extra-city Disparities Geographical Analysis Epidemiology

تعداد بازدید : ۴ تعداد دانلود : ۴
INTRODUCTION: Road traffic accidents represent a significant public health challenge globally, and Iran continues to experience disproportionately high rates of traffic-related morbidity and mortality. This study presents a provincial-level analysis of road traffic accidents in Iran during the 2022–2023 period. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from the Statistical Center of Iran, encompassing all recorded road traffic accidents across 31 provinces during the March 2022 to March 2023. Descriptive statistics, accident and fatality rate calculations, independent-samples t-tests, and Pearson correlation analyses were performed to compare intra-city and extra-city patterns. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. Data processing and statistical analyses were carried out using Excel 2019 and SPSS 26, while geographic visualizations were developed using Datawrapper. FINDINGS: In 2022, a total of 2,119,406 road traffic accidents occurred in Iran, leading to 18,799 deaths and 379,020 injuries. Although intra-city areas accounted for the majority of accidents (81.8%; n = 1,733,200), extra-city crashes were markedly more severe. The fatality rate in extra-city areas was 37.48 per 1,000 accidents, compared with 2.5 per 1,000 in intra-city areas (p < 0.001), indicating that extra-city crashes are approximately 15 times more likely to result in death. Significant regional heterogeneity was also observed: Tehran Province reported the highest number of accidents (514,498), whereas Sistan and Baluchistan exhibited the highest fatality rate (167.76 per 1,000 accidents). A negative correlation was identified between total accidents and fatality rates across provinces (r =–0.42, p =0.018), suggesting that provinces with fewer accidents often experience more severe outcomes when crashes occur. CONCLUSION: The results reveal a pronounced intra-city/extra-city divide, where extra-city crashes are 15 times more fatal, alongside severe provincial disparities and highlight the need for differentiated prevention strategies, emphasizing improvements in extra-city infrastructure, enforcement, and emergency response capacity—particularly in high-risk regions. Keywords: Road Traffic Accidents; Injury Prevention; Mortality; Public Health; Intra-city/Extra-city Disparities; Geographical Analysis; Epidemiology.