Security Council

Yemen crisis is a political and security one, in which besides domestic actors, regional and transregional actors also play some various roles in this process, based on their own national strategies and interests. Therefore, recognizing effective actors in the conflict, their actions and preferences is the most important factor to determining and finding some ways to settle the conflict. The question is, what will be the future of the Yemeni crisis? Graph model analysis indicated that Saudi Arabia and Ansar Allah will accept ceasefire and negotiate, while the war may also be continued, but it will not be the most likely effect and if UN Security Council has a more active role in establishing a ceasefire and creating a peaceful state, the actors for this conflict can reach a political and peaceful solution to settle the conflict.So, the purpose of this article is to show by descriptive-analytical method that by modeling conflicts and using graph model, constructive solutions can be discovered for them and the state of equilibrium in crisis can be suggested to its actors.

Natural law-based self-defense draws its moral force given that it is used in the presence of an immediate threat, giving the defender government no time for deliberation and placing them in a dreadful situation where they must choose between using force in self-defense or losing their lives. The self-defense right is an essential human right that has existed and been recognised throughout history. It is accessible to both individuals and, as states formed, to states as sovereign entities. Self-defense confines rather than widens the area for public officials' discretion, unlike other criminal justice systems that fulfil important political purposes. It rejects public interest and public justification in favour of private ones. The problem to be investigated in this article is the right of self-defense can still be imposed by the state at the same time preserving the natural law in the country.  This article will analyse the view of the right to self-defense and jurisprudential analysis of the right to self-defense. The study is qualitative doctrinal research that derives its data from library-based sources. The article suggests that the state has the power to suspend our right to self-defense but certainly not extinguish it. A state may take away this natural law because of the welfare and safety of society. However, when facing immediate threat, natural law will be preserved as the State can't guarantee our safety is imminent

Iran nuclear program had been the main theme for portraying Iran as an imminent threat to international peace and stability. Several United Nations Security Council Resolutions, adopted under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations from 2006 to 2010 identified the Iranian nuclear issue as a proliferation concern and thus a possible threat to international peace and security. With the conclusion of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, the UN Security Council Resolution 2231 marked the start of de-securitization of Iran nuclear program. During Trump presidency, the United States pursued the maximum pressure campaign consisting of economic, political, and military pressure against Iran, coupled with securitizing speech acts to convince the audience of the necessity of a more comprehensive deal with Iran. Using Barry Buzan’s Securitization Theory and Process Tracing as research method, this study tries to investigate the outcome of Trump Administration campaign for re-securitization of Iran nuclear program, specifically in international political arena. It finds that while Trump policy succeeded in imposing heavy economic cost on Iran, it failed to re-securitize the Iranian nuclear program.

The issue of human rights has been at the center of the world community for seventy years, since the adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. Although it is difficult to define the concept of human rights, researchers believe that this concept can be extracted from those rules and norms that have initially been recognized by the majority of UN members in the form of declarations, statements, treaties, conventions, and Performance of Opinio Juris, and second, affect the behavior and conduct of political entities. The current study investigates the definition of human rights after the events of September 11, 2001. This review article argues that the concept of human rights was initially a general concept, but it evolved over time into specialized areas, such that in the third millennium and after September 11, 2021, security-related human rights issues have become more important than before, and different groups and minorities received more special attention. On the other hand, environmental and health-related human rights issues have emerged as compelling issues of the present, which have further broadened the scope of human rights.

This Research seeks to answer the main question that why India should be the permanent member of the Security Council and what is the Iran’s attitude about India’s candidacy? India is a country that is actively involved in United Nations peacekeeping operations, democratic country and has nuclear power. A growing economy and the world's second most populous country. From this view, Membership of India in the Security Council could realize equitable geographical distribution. Considering central role of India in the Non-Aligned Movement would support the interests of developing countries, As well as cause changes in specific uniformity in dominant ideology of security. Considering criticize the IRI to the Security Council unjust structure and history of peaceful, civilization, culture and political relations with India, IRI has positive view about Security Council reform, and India's permanent membership in this Council.