جغرافیا و روابط انسانی

Tourism as a source of income and employment at the national level could be a strategy for economic development in the national territory. Tourism, especially at a time when profits are falling activity in other economic sectors, A good alternative for them and a strategy for development. On this basis, the main reason for the development of tourism over low wages and provide new employment opportunities and social developments in the local community. Conducting targeted research, demonstrate the carrying capacity (receive tourists) in Sistan tourist spots of steps to improve its capacity and that the Play Button What ways can be done. Methodology This study was descriptive and can be used to calculate the ecological, According to the formula provided by the World Conservation Union of Nature and Natural Resources and to estimate the carrying capacity of natural and cultural areas for tourism purposes two types of physical carrying capacity was calculated and real bearing. To analyze the information and provide tourism development strategy Sistan plain strategic model rides (SOAR) is used as a management complements the research pans growth and development of regional tourism plan is Hazrjht. The study area is the limiting factor Hurricane tourism, Shhrsvkhth a significant role as it is a tourist area. The results make it possible that with respect to the original planners of areas such as wetlands plain, Havmnatq semi-natural and historical wells around it would provide Sistan Plain tourism boom

The contribution of migration to urbanisation and urban population growth Internal migration, and net migration to urban areas in particular, drives the urbanisation of a country’s population. Rapid overall population growth often overlaps with rapid urbanisation, creating especially fast urban population growth. Rural-urban migration continues to attract much interest, but also growing concern. Migrants are often blamed for increasing urban poverty, but not all migrants are poor. In many cities, however, migrants form a large proportion of the urban poor with whom they share income and non-income disadvantages, including difficulties in finding adequate housing and in accessing services. Like the majority of the urban poor, they work long hours in low-paid, insecure and unsafe jobs and are exposed to a wide range of environmental hazards because most low-income and informal settlements lack basic infrastructure. In many cases when urban governments try to reduce or control rural–urban migration, this also affects low-income residents and not just migrants.This raises the question of whether policies that specifically target migrants in urban centres are desirable and possible.

In country of Iran also like developing countries, Excessive concentration of national capital and job opportunities has been Cause of increase urban attractions and the emergence of great migrations from villages, small and medium-sized cities to political and regional centers that have created urban primacy phenomenon and an increase in the number of cities. Regarding the importance of the subject, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating and analyzing the urban system of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province during the period 1956 to 2016. The research method is based on the applied purpose with descriptive-analytic nature. The statistical population of the research is all 40 urban settlements of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province during the period 1956 to 2016. Indicators used in research include urban primacy, urban concentration and balanced distribution and dispersion patterns of urban settlements. In sum, the results of urban primacy evaluation indexes shown that the urban system of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province during the period of 1956-2016 is moving towards the imbalance and urban primacy dominance. The results of the Herfindahl Concentration Index show that concentration in the urban system of the province has been decreasing from 1956 to 2016 and is moving toward balance. The results of the class difference method indicate the difference in the population classes of cities over time and increase the distance of the first city of the province from the second city and other cities. The results of the entropy coefficient show the balancing of spatial distribution of population in the urban system of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The result of the analysis of the nearest neighbor also indicates a roughly uniform distribution of the settlements in the province.

In this research, we are present a GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis approach to evaluating the suitability for industry site selection in the Kurdistan province in Iran. The multi-criteria decision approach considers different criteria which are standardized by fuzzy membership functions and combined by integration of fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and weighted linear combination techniques. The FAHP is used for the elicitation of attribute weights while WLC method weighting layers by use of obtained weights from FAHP and multiply in constraint elements. In preparation the restriction map, we combine different constraint element by union analyst. We used of increase and decreased linear-fuzzy functions to standardization the layers, and the Gamma operator is used for the overlaying these layers. We used of three levels of gamma operator for overlaying the layers, and we compare the three result map, then we recognized that the 0.5 of gamma operator is rational and optimum.in the final stage by overlaying gamma0.5 result map with restriction map we distinguished the suitable place for industry in Kurdistan province. As a result, 0.024 percent of total province area has the best potential to industrialization.

the Iranian civilization according to different studies was a harbinger of urbanism and, at least until the last centuries, formation of urban centuries, though coming from political power canons, nut the urban growth in an organic order was related to the surrounding environment, and in quoting from majority of scientists of urban-planning the post share of Iran had a interior generative growth. The general concordance in the writings of the wise scientists, the urbanism and urban-planning are the reasons "at least from the ecological and social point of view" are existing in the past city of Iranian and this is founded on the dependence of city to the environmental economics and "the region management from the security point of view by the governors of the city" besides the share of past was not taken form rant economy and its feeding resources are depending and the sustaining of production and continuation and social living of surrounding environment. What that was resulted from the centralized and high to law hierarchical and based on rant economy has in 50 recent years transferred the citizenry and urbanization from interior- proliferation to exterior-proliferation, in such a position the city extreme consuming of state sources has grown up in deformity and non-organized manner and the function and the environmental surroundings gets confused, and in such a situation the outpacing of urbanism commences to urbanization, and the comparison between retasded city may resemble to "a extremely fat body with a continuous metabolism without any wisdom organ and this slender body is continuously growing up, and this stender body is perpetually trying to pass its daily living and has no hope for rescue from such a molstrum and in such a situation stand in contrast to all-sides sustainable aims.

Firefighting station are one of the elements of public security in the city.to make them have the supposed role in public security; we should look at different urban facilities in detail and lend the city structure as a whole. Appropriate site selection of firefighting stations is one of the most important obligations of the city planners, which should be carefully planned and implemented. Better site selection is meant to avoid waste of resources in one hand and better capability of the stations on the other hand. In this research, best sites for the construction of new stations and moving of those stations with improper location in Tehran city has been studied. First, conceptual model of the study was defined, then, spatial layers and other information about site selection of the stations collected.in the next session Analytical Hierarchy process used to assign weights to spatial layers. This process was done based on the expert’s views and pair wise compactionmethod. After collection of expert views and in order to avoid wrong views, judgment compatibility amounts were calculated. After accepting of CR values, these weights used in future analyses. Network analysis, one of GIS spatial functions, used to find best routes from fire stations to affected area and service area of each station. Based on the analyses of this section and field checks, gave good attitude in terms of stations functionality. Regarding to the locations of existing stations, new stations proposed using a moving widow on the potential sites map.