Socio-Spatial Studies

The main purpose in this research is A Study on Socioeconomic status Effects on Private Universities Architecture Students’ Educational Motivation. Since students could have a great role in reconstructing and improving the society through proper planning, studying students’ issues and their attitudes toward higher education with an insight of internal motivation and talents is among the main duties for higher education programmers. Considering the issue significance, the following research tries to study socioeconomic status effects on private universities architecture students’ educational motivation. Using the determining factors in students’ socioeconomic status, the research studies the relation between this status and students’ major, educational motivation, motivations in entering private universities and their job prospects. The statistical society for this research included 12 public and private universities and 306individuals were selected to answer the research questions through stratified random sampling. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square) were used. Results suggest that there is a significant relation between university type and major on the one hand and students’ socioeconomic status. But there is no significant relation between educational motivation and job prospective with students’ socioeconomic status.

Nowadays, urban planners are encountered with Urban sprawl in the large cities, especially in the developing countries. In order to control this condition they have taken different policies, one of these policies are increase density. The aim of this research is to determine the optimal building density in Isfahan's fifth district. To analyze this subject, firstly the selected district was divided into several quarters (neighborhoods), the indicators in each quarter were studied and weighted according to their suitability for the proposed density, then the weight of each index was established by the use of comparison matrix and eventually the suitability of each quarter was determined to propose the increase of density. The findings of the presented research indicate that because of the specific qualifications of the district, such as the existence of the valuable historic fabric of Jolfa and its neighborhood with Zayande-Rood, the historical center of the ChaharBagh-e-Bala and width of the passages and …, it`s better to avoid the increase of density in this district; and finally some suggestions is presented in order to determine an optimal density for this region.

Basically, relationship of the interior and exterior spaces of architecture, also, the relationship is always an indication of the architecture type. Corbusier believed that all historical background of the architecture just focus on osmium of the wall. Size of the opened space is an indication of its correlation with the adjacent environment; namely, entrance is a combination of differently structured spaces rather than just an opening and “Porch” is one of the mentioned elements of the Iranian architecture. It is multifunctional; the porch separates the entrance from the corridor and the courtyard; it is an independent space including stone benches for seating and social interactions. This paper is defining the porch, to know why and how the independent element is developed in Iranian residential architecture. The porch is analyzed for its function and form; some concepts are discussed in the process of porch development including: privacy, climate, joint and so forth.

  The major style of urbanization in Isfahan has been always conventionally based and focused on pedestrianism. This city whose frame and structure is organized and nearly completed in the Seljuk and Safavid eras, still (particularly in the old areas) is under a system based upon evaluation of the qualitative properties of districts and maximum connection between people  and environment .Though from early  20^th century and the start of modern transformations in architecture and urbanization in Iran, building new and modern districts with central focus being on maximum usage of land to build infrastructure and paths for passing cars, the pedestrians are less valued .Regarding this point that city development and description of new necessities by humans has inevitably new activities and utilizations in definition of districts, by comparing the new and old districts of Isfahan we can significantly come to the conclusion that how each one`s frame work properties can satisfy today human beings' requirements and interactions and what the strategies for their adjustment and promotion are .This article compares the capacity of pedestrianism and social interactions between an old and a new-fashioned district in Isfahan in order to discuss the strengths and foibles of them. The discussed titles are: aim of research and the way of that, reviewing the supplies about new urbanization and walkability, checking pedestrianism in two districts of Isfahan, and the results of the research .The final parts discuss the results of the review and physical position of two intended districts. Finally, the implications will be presented as guidance principles to design new-fashioned neighborhoods in order to improve the quality of neighborhood and social interactions due to the walkability.

Many parts of the world are affected by unusual events, natural disasters and incidents that aim for people’s life, property, and comfort and threaten their life and survival. Crises cause abundant and sometimes irreparable damages to countries and people along with adverse effects on social indexes.  Therefore, identifying, appropriate planning, and optimal Resilient crisis management are of the highest priorities in various countries. Due to its great destruction power, expansion of the destruction area, lack of the possibility of predicting the occurrence time, continued losses and threats in the form of aftershocks, extensive injuries, and numerous problems in disaster relief, considering the destruction of the infrastructural installations and essential arteries, earthquake is a very important factor in crisis management. Meanwhile, based on the existing information 69% of Iran’s surface is affected by active faults and is considered to be one of the countries prone to having earthquakes. Besides, the general weakness of structures has caused extensive casualties in disasters. In these situations control and managing crisis especially earthquakes are of extreme importance in the field of recognition, prediction and preparation before the occurrence, planning, control and guidance after the occurrence.  Obviously, achieving this aim requires rapid and simple access to correct and updated information and complicated analysis carried out by specialists and managers. On the other hand, more than 80% of the required information in crises is spatial-natured and earth-referenced. Applying GIS and related technologies can be of considerable help in collection, storage, classification and analysis of related spatial and descriptive data; and play a determining role in identifying and direct application in both prediction and prevention, and direct dealing with events.  In this article, we will study the role of GIS In planning urban Resilient and promotion helping dominate crises and their proper management, in order to reduce financial losses and injuries. Besides we try to examine the methods to identify and classify historical and worn structures with the aim of planning and priority setting of seismic improvements and retrofitting buildings against earthquakes. Given the fact that the greatest concentration of resilience in crises is on improving the city's cultural, social, economic, physical and organizational dimensions, the use of the capabilities of the GIS system is very useful given the rich information layers.

Contrastive study on the elements of traditional houses in different times, is an effective method in understanding the culture and design factor, the architectural evolution, space organization, ornaments and the structure of the historical buildings and it describes that different features and distinguishing factors in traditional houses were usually closely related to the political, economy, and social issues of that region. Synchronized with historical dynasties, traditional houses are thus, easily distinguishable regarding their architectures and the manner of architectural pattern can be followed regarding the historical evolution. As Isfahan was the capital of Iran in Safavid time, building magnificent palace-like houses were the trend; in Qajar dynasty as well architecture had its own unique elements. The present study enjoyed the mixed methods of descriptive and analytical methods as well as case study. The problem was examined based on observation, field studies, and documentation; the results then were compared and contrasted. The architectural design of these houses are introverted (mainly) as well as extroverted (in jolfa). The main front of the houses are in southern part and having porch, straight sky line, rectangular garden, rectangular rooms, sometimes octagonal houses, abundant ornamentations in central halls, using natural colors, easier use of bricks as the main material are some features of these houses. The present study aims to analyze and evaluate how the privacy of entrances in both Safavid and Qajar houses as one of the most significant elements of architectural times formed.