نقش مراسم های آیینی در شکل گیری فضاهای تاریخی شهر اردبیل (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش مراسم آیینی محرم و صفر در شکل گیری فضاهای تاریخی شهر اردبیل می باشد. روش پژوهش از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و نحوه گردآوری اطلاعات نیز مبتنی بر مطالعات کتابخانه ای- اسنادی و برداشت های میدانی است. شهر اردبیل از دیرباز به عنوان مهد تشیع مورد توجه بوده و از دوره صفوی به لحاظ مراسم های آیینی محرم و صفر از مراکز مهم برگزاری چنین مراسمی به شمار می رود. بررسی و تحلیل های انجام گرفته حاکی از آن است که دو مؤلفه "مسیرهای حرکتی" و "نقاط عطف" در مراسم آیینی محرم و صفر بر شکل گیری سازمان فضایی شهر اردبیل تاثیرگذار بوده اند. مسیر حرکت دسته های عزاداری به صورت پایدار در طول سال های مختلف منطبق بر مسیرهایی است که در استخوان بندی و ساخت اصلی بافت تاریخی شهر اردبیل جای دارند و توسعه و گسترش شهر در طول زمان در اطراف آن واقع شده است. همچنین مسیر حرکت دسته های عزاداری در ارتباط با فضاهای مهم و هویت بخش شهر، و نقاط اصلی و کانونی شهر همچون مسجد عالی قاپو (دروازه)، سقاخانه حضرت ابوالفضل (ع) و بازار تاریخی شهر اردبیل پدید آمده اند. نتایج این تحلیل ها در کنار هم نشان دهنده نقش مهم و شاخص مراسم آیینی محرم و صفر در انسجام کالبدی– فضایی بخش تاریخی شهر اردبیل می باشد.The Role of Ritual Ceremonies in the Formation of Historical Spaces of Ardabil City
The purpose of the current research is to investigate the role of Muharram and Safar ritual ceremony in the formation of the historical spaces of Ardabil city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection is based on library-documentary studies and field studies. The city of Ardabil has long been considered as the cradle of Shiism, and since the Safavid period, it has been considered one of the important centers for the ritual ceremonies of Muharram and Safar. The analyzes carried out indicate that the two components "movement paths" and "turning points" in the ritual ceremonies of Moharram and Safar have influenced the formation of the spatial organization of Ardabil city. The path of movement of mourning processions in a stable manner during different years is consistent with the paths that are in the ossification and main construction of the historical texture of Ardabil city. Also, the path of movement of mourning processions has emerged in connection with the important and identity-giving spaces of the city. The results of these analyzes together show the important role of Muharram and Safar ritual ceremony in the physical-spatial coherence of the historical part of Ardabil city. Keywords: Ritual Ceremony, Historical Spaces, Movement Paths, Turning Points, Ardabil. Extended Abstract Introduction: Ritual ceremonies, especially the mourning days of Muharram and Safar in historical cities, are directly related to the city structure, and without paying attention to them, a complete analysis of the spatial organization of the city cannot be obtained, and it seems that these ritual ceremonies impose certain rules and regulations on the spatial organization of historical cities. The rules and principles governing the ritual ceremonies of Muharram and Safar are in a two-way interaction with the construction and urban space, and based on various criteria, it is related to and affects the different dimensions of the city. The city of Ardabil has long been considered as the cradle of Shiism, and since the Safavid period, it has been considered one of the important centers for the ritual ceremonies of Muharram and Safar. The mourning of the people of Ardabil is famous, so every year during Muharram and Safar, many people from all over the country and even neighboring countries travel to Ardabil to participate in this ritual ceremony. The rituals of Muharram and Safar have a close relationship with the historical spaces of this city; In such a way, this ritual has left a significant impact on the structure of the urban spaces of Ardabil. Based on this, the most important goal of the present research is to investigate the role of Muharram and Safar rituals in the formation of the historical spaces of Ardabil city. Materials & Methods: The present research method is qualitative and descriptive-analytical. The method of collecting data in this research is based on library-document studies and field studies to answer this question: What changes have the holding of ritual ceremonies, especially the mourning of the months of Muharram and Safar, caused in the historical spaces of Ardabil? To study the theoretical foundations of the research by referring to documents and library studies, concepts and characteristics related to rituals and urban spaces are described and explained, and by using field observations and document analysis based on texts, maps and images, the effects of Muharram and Safar rituals in The formation of the historical spaces of Ardabil city is investigated and analyzed. Discussion & Result: The study of the historical texture of Ardabil city, along with the results of field studies and interviews, shows the important role of Muharram and Safar ritual ceremonies in the historical spaces of Ardabil city. The conducted studies show that the physical appearance of ritual ceremonies, especially the mourning ritual of the months of Muharram and Safar in Ardabil city, can be categorized in th
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