Baladieh as a new administration, has started its operation from the constitutional era, and in Reza Shah's reign continued its undertakings more seriously in the field of urban planning, cleaning, and supply needs of the citizens. Part of the Baladieh actions was in the field of public health. documents clearly indicate the Baladieh's attempt to reorganize community's health status. Supervising baths and deli shops, doctors and pharmacies, attempt to expand hospitals, monitoring guilds that directly or indirectly were in contact with public health, noticing women's health and public health, and culturalizion in these cases were some of Baladieh's attempts. However Baladieh made up the health police of Baladieh, health inspectors, and their judicial actions for executing its administrative instructions and circulars.
This study, using descriptive and analytical method, and benefiting archival documents and books and magazines has investigated the activities of Baladieh administration in public health during the Pahlavi I. Purpose of this paper is to study the activities of the new Baladieh in Pahlavi I period in the context of its social functions. This research seeks to answer the question that the activities of the Baladieh resulted in which changes in the public health? In order to answer this question, firstly Iran's sanitations in late Qajars and Pahlavi I is described and then the Baladieh's sanitary tasks and attempts in public health is studied.