چابکی زنجیره تأمین به عنوان یک دارایی راهبردی و تأثیر آن بر عملکرد مالی با نقش تعدیل گری نوع صنعت: یک مطالعه ی فراتحلیل (مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)
درجه علمی: علمی-پژوهشی (دانشگاه آزاد)
آرشیو
چکیده
از زمان معرفی مفهوم چابکی زنجیره تأمین به عنوان یگانه دارایی مدیریت در دستیابی به مزیت رقابتی در محیط متغیر و ناپایدار کسب وکارها، پژوهش های زیادی پیرامون آن انجام گرفته است. بخش گسترده ای از پژوهش های این حوزه بر تأثیر چابکی زنجیره تأمین بر عملکرد مالی متمرکز شده است. بررسی مطالعات تجربی نشان دهنده آن است که تأثیر یک دارایی راهبردی نظیر چابکی زنجیره تأمین در پژوهش های مختلف پراکنده بوده است و در بسیاری از موارد نتایج متناقضی دارند. در این راستا ضروری است که نتایج مطالعات تجربی با استفاده از رویکرد فراتحلیل، تجمیع و با هم مقایسه شود؛ بنابراین پژوهش حاضر با هدف مطالعه تأثیر چابکی زنجیره تأمین بر عملکرد مالی با استفاده از رویکرد فراتحلیل: نقش تعدیل گری نوع صنعت انجام گرفت. در این مطالعه تعداد 18 مطالعه نهایی مطابق با پروتکل پریزما شناسایی و اطلاعات آن وارد نرم افزار CMA2 شد. نتایج فراتحلیل نشان دهنده آن بود که چابکی زنجیره تأمین بر عملکرد مالی تأثیر می گذارد. تحلیل متغیر تعدیل گر نشان داد که چابکی زنجیره تأمین در صنایع منحصربه فرد اثر قوی تری بر عملکرد مالی دارد.Supply Chain Agility as a Strategic Asset and Its Effect on Financial Performance with the Moderating Role of Industry Type: A Meta-Analysis Study
Since the emergence of the concept of supply chain agility as the primary management asset for gaining a competitive edge in the dynamic and uncertain business environment, extensive studies have been conducted in this area. A significant portion of this studies has focused on the impact of supply chain agility on financial performance. Analysis of empirical studies reveals that the influence of a strategic asset like supply chain agility is varied across different studies, often yielding contradictory results. Therefore, it is imperative to aggregate and compare the findings of experimental studies using a meta-analysis approach. Consequently, the current research was undertaken to investigate the impact of supply chain agility on financial performance, employing a meta-analysis approach and examining the moderating role of industry type. In this study, 18 final studies were identified in accordance with the PRISMA protocol and their data was inputted into the CMA2 software. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that supply chain agility does indeed affect financial performance. Furthermore, the analysis of moderator variables revealed that supply chain agility has a more pronounced effect on financial performance in single industries.Keywords: Supply Chain Agility, Financial Performance, Meta-Analysis, CMA2 Software IntroductionIn today's business landscape, companies are encountering significant upheavals driven by evolving customer demands and the advent of new technologies. The accelerated product life cycles, swift obsolescence of existing industry technologies, and complex customer-company relationships characterize these volatile environmental conditions. In this fiercely competitive setting, companies that can swiftly and adeptly respond to these environmental disruptions are better positioned to endure in the competitive arena and capture market share. However, the ability of companies to respond to environmental changes alone does not ensure survival or confer a competitive advantage in a turbulent environment; they also require agility throughout their supply chain. Supply chain agility is regarded as an intangible asset. To attain agility, companies must rapidly adapt their supply chain strategies and operations to effectively and promptly address market fluctuations and associated uncertainties. Numerous studies have explored the impact of supply chain agility on financial performance, introduced diverse indicators to measure financial performance, and at times arrived at conflicting conclusions. The extensive array of studies, the diverse financial performance indicators utilized, and the contradictory findings across different industries underscore the need for a meta-analysis study. Consequently, the present study was undertaken to investigate the influence of supply chain agility on financial performance, considering the moderating role of industry type.Materials and MethodsThis study was undertaken with the objective of conducting a systematic review via meta-analysis to explore the impact of supply chain agility assets on financial performance. To achieve this, the PRISMA protocol was employed to identify high-quality studies, ensuring that the endpoint of the studies included in this analysis was 2023, thereby addressing existing discrepancies. Following a systematic search for relevant studies, a total of 18 studies met the criteria for inclusion in the final meta-analysis dataset. The necessary information for each study, including the authors' names, publication year, sample size, research methodology, country of origin, industry type, performance outcome measures, and relevant statistics, was extracted. FindingsIn this section, the results of the research hypotheses were analyzed. To this end, the degree of homogeneity or heterogeneity among the research studies and the type of analysis model (fixed or random) were determined. The research findings indicated that the heterogeneity among the studies did not support the research hypothesis and the level of heterogeneity was lower than the average. Consequently, owing to the homogeneity of the research hypothesis studies, the model of fixed effects was employed to assess the hypotheses and present the effect coefficients. The test of the research hypothesis using the mentioned model revealed that the impact coefficient of supply chain agility on financial performance was 0.384, which was confirmed at a significance level of 99%. Discussion & ConclusionThe meta-analysis of previous studies revealed the positive impact of supply chain agility on financial performance. In today's fiercely competitive markets, few advantages endure over extended periods. Given the rapid pace of technological advancements and the escalating trend of globalization, current advantages quickly become obsolete, necessitating a continuous quest for new forms of advantage through ongoing adaptation. The findings of this study demonstrated that supply chain agility empowered companies to effectively and promptly address such uncertainties. The meta-analysis results also indicated that the variable of "type of industry" moderated the influence of supply chain agility on financial performance. Notably, companies operating within specific industries exhibited a higher level of supply chain agility. In light of this outcome, it could be inferred that the coordination and collaboration among companies operating within a specific supply chain and specializing in an industry enabled them to better comprehend and anticipate the changes and developments within their market.
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