تحلیلی بر وضعیت حکمروایی خوب در روستاهای پیراشهری ارومیه (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف اصلی این پژوهش تحلیلی بر وضعیت حکمروایی خوب در روستاهای پیراشهری ارومیه می باشد. روش پژوهش حاضر از نظر زمانی طولی، از نظر نتایج کاربردی و از نظر هدف توصیفی-تحلیلی می باشد. روش گردآوری اطلاعات به دو صورت اسنادی و میدانی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش ساکنان روستاهای پیراشهری ارومیه (روستاهای بند، توپراق قلعه، دده سقی، ریحان آباد، وزیرآباد، ولنده سفلی، انهرسفلی، گنج آباد و میرآباد) می باشندکه مطابق فرمول کوکران 377 به دست آمده است که به صورت تصادفی در محدوده توزیع گردیده است. در جهت ارزیابی وضعیت حکمروایی خوب، مؤلفه های مشارکت روستایی، پاسخ گویی و شفافیت، مسئولیت پذیری، عدالت و برابری، کارایی و اثربخشی و نظارت استفاده شده است. تجزیه وتحلیل اطلاعات به صورت کمی و با استفاده از روش های آماری نظیر آزمون های تی تک نمونه ای و همبستگی اسپیرمن صورت گرفته است و برای رابطه یابی میان مؤلفه های پژوهش از روش تصمیم گیری چندمعیاره دیمتل و برای رتبه بندی روستاها از مدل ویکور استفاده شده است. روایی پرسشنامه ها از طریق متخصصان و پایایی پرسشنامه ها نیز از طریق آزمون آلفای کرونباخ به تائید رسیده است. مطابق نتایج آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن مؤلفه عدالت و برابری بیشترین همبستگی را با حکمروایی خوب در محدوده موردمطالعه را دارد. مطابق نتایج مدل دیمتل نیز، مؤلفه عدالت و برابری با مقدار (D) 919/5 تأثیرگذارترین، مؤلفه مسئولیت پذیری با مقدار (R) 598/5 تأثیرپذیرترین و درنهایت مؤلفه نظارت با مقدار(D+R) 485/10 بیشترین ارتباط را با سایر مؤلفه ها دارد. مطابق نتایج مدل ویکور روستای پیراشهری بند، توپراق قلعه، انهرسفلی، وزیرآباد، میرآباد، ولنده سفلی، دده سقی، ریحان آباد و گنج آباد به ترتیب در رتبه اول تا نهم قرارگرفته اند.An analysis of the state of good governance in Urban Peripheral villages of Urmia
IntroductionToday, urban peripheral spaces are expanding due to the lack of control and supervision over the development of urban spaces, so Urban Peripheral villages of Urmia was also created for the growth and development of the city and now it provides services to its residents as an urban peripheral. A number of these settlements, due to their proximity to the informal and marginalized settlements, They have experienced many negative physical and social changes due to the unprincipled and unplanned growth of these informal settlements and their proximity to this context, It has caused bad living conditions and reduced quality of life, which requires special attention to reduce the consequences of this development. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to analyze the situation of good governance in the Urban Peripheral villages of Urmia, To evaluate the current situation of these villages in order to improve their situation from the point of view of good governance. Among the fields of research innovation, in the field of research method, we can mention the use of new decision-making methods and the use of new data. Also, due to the lack of similar research, it seems necessary to conduct this research in order to prevent the unprincipled expansion of this settlement and the reduction of their quality of life and livability.MethodologyThe current research method is longitudinal in terms of time and practical in terms of results, also the process of conducting the research is quantitative and descriptive-analytical in terms of its purpose. The method of collecting information is in two forms, documentary, and field. The tool for collecting information is also in the form of questionnaires and field observations. The statistical population of the study is the residents of the Urban Peripheral villages of Urmia, which includes the villages of Band, Topraq Qala, Dadeh Saqi, Reihanabad, Vazirabad, Velandeh-e Sofla, Anhar-e Sofla, Ganjabad and Mirabad, which according to the statistics of Iran Statistics Center in 2015, the population of Pirasheri villages is 21,059 people. In order to determine the sample size, Cochran's formula was used with an error percentage of 0.05, and a value of 377 was obtained, which was randomly distributed in the study area. in order to evaluate the state of good governance in the Urban Peripheral villages of Urmia, 6 components have been used, which include rural participation, accountability and transparent, responsive, justice and equality, efficiency and effectiveness, and supervision, and the data has been analyzed quantitatively and by SPSS software. in order to analyze the data of the research, due to the fact that the size of the statistical population is more than 20 and also because of the central limit theorem, their normality is not checked, therefore, statistical methods such as one-sample t-test and Spearman's correlation have been used to analyze the data. DEMATEL's multi-criteria decision-making method has been used to find the relationship between the research components and finally, the VIKOR model has been used to rank the studied villages. The validity of the questionnaires has been confirmed by experts in this field and the reliability of the questionnaires has been confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test.Results and discussionThe findings of this research indicate that according to the one-sample t-test, In terms of having good governance in the Urban Peripheral villages of Urmia, the villages of Band and Topraq Qala have a better situation than the average level. The villages of Vazirabad, Anhar-e Sofla and Mirabad are at a medium level. The villages of Dadeh Saqi, Reihanabad, Velandeh-e Sofla and Ganjabad are at a lower-than-average level. According to the results of Spearman's correlation test, there is a relationship between the components of good governance and good governance, and according to Spearman's correlation coefficients, these relationships are direct. Also, justice and equality have the highest correlation with good governance in the study area, which is an improvement. The state of justice and equality, and the state of good governance will also improve. According to the results of DEMATEL's decision-making model, the component of justice and equality with the value (D) of 5.919 is the most effective, the component of responsibility with the value of (R) of 5.598 is the most Influence, and finally, the component of supervision with the value of (D+R) is 10.485. It is most related to other components. Also, the three components of rural participation, justice and equality, and supervision as the “cause” and the three components of accountability and transparency, efficiency and effectiveness, and responsibility as "disability". the conceptual model of the research shows that the component of justice and equality is related to all the components and the component Responsibility is also communicable from all components. According to the results of VIKOR model, the Urban Peripheral villages of Urmia, Band, Topraq Qala, Anhar-e Sofla, Vazirabad, Mirabad, Velandeh-e Sofla, Dadeh Saqi, Reihanabad and finally Ganjabad are ranked first to ninth respectively.ConclusionToday, due to the unprincipled and unplanned expansion of cities, it has caused the proximity of cities to the villages around them, and in the meantime, it has caused the formation of Spaces called Urban Peripheral, which sometimes, due to the proximity to informal settlements, have caused the reproduction and expansion of marginalization around the cities. Is. In this regard, in order to prevent the reproduction of informal settlements and marginalization in these contexts, urban and rural managers should formulate and adopt principled macro and micro policies based on the components of good governance. Also, according to the results of the research, the use of the component of justice and equality in line with the development of principles Cities are of great importance, and along with that, it can provide effective results in this area with bottom-up planning and attracting the participation of residents.
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