سنجش رضایت مندی شهروندان از کیفیت محیطی مجتمع های مسکونی پیرامون شهرها (مورد مطالعه: شهر گرگان) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
بروز بحران های مختلف در ابعاد زیست محیطی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی و کالبدی شهرها که ناشی از فقدان برنامه ریزی مناسب در مناطق پیراشهری است، سبب تنزل کیفیت محیط شهری شده است، این پژوهش درصدد ارزیابی میزان رضایت مندی ساکنان متأثر از فضای باز مجتمع های مسکونی است. رضایت از مکان امری چندبعدی و توجه به عوامل متعدد سازنده مکان در تدوین الگوی ارزیابی افراد ضروری است. براساس ادبیات موجود، الگوی پنج بعدی فضایی، اجتماعی، عملکردی، مدیریتی و دموگرافیک، به عنوان یکی از مؤثرترین معیارها، جهت برآورد رضایت افراد استخراج گردید. پژوهش حاضر ازلحاظ هدف کاربردی و از حیث روش تحقیق، توصیفی- تحلیلی می باشد و با توجه به ماهیت موضوع و شاخص های موردبررسی، رویکرد حاکم بر این پژوهش از نوع پیمایشی و همبستگی است. چارچوب نظری و ادبیات تحقیق نیز با استفاده از روش کتابخانه ای و اسنادی گردآوری شده است. در بررسی پایایی پرسشنامه از روش آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شده است، برای ارزیابی نهایی داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS و روش آماری همچون کولموگروف-اسمیرنوف، آزمون U- من ویتنی، آزمون کروسکال والیس، رگرسیون و T بهره گرفته شده است. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که رضایتمندی افراد در زمینه های زیست محیطی، تسهیلات مجتمع، روشنایی و تهویه، دسترسی و حمل ونقل در سطح بسیار خوب و مدیریت و نگهداری، امنیت، کالبدی و دید و منظر در سطح نسبتاً خوب و روابط همسایگی و اقتصادی در سطح ضعیف ( پایین تر از میانه) می باشد و در کل میزان رضایتمندی ساکنین از کیفیت زندگی در این مجتمع های مسکونی نواحی پیراشهری در حد متوسط قرار دارد.Measuring The Level Of Satisfaction Of Citizens With The Environmental Quality Of The Open Space Of Residential Complexes(Case study: Gorgan City)
The concept of satisfaction refers to a wide range of desires and preferences to meet basic or transcendent human needs. Many people desire things they cannot have, and therefore, for various reasons, they must choose and satisfy their needs from areas with less desire for them. When we can pick and get what we desire, we are satisfied. Although this satisfaction may cover different spectrums in order to create more efficient spaces and improve the quality of residential open space, this research aims to evaluate the level of satisfaction of residents affected by the open space of residential complexes. Apartment living and small living spaces using It require public spaces, these complexes, with open spaces, can have a significant impact on people's lives and by responding to a part of their needs, they can seek people's satisfaction.This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of research method, and according to the nature of the subject and the investigated indicators, the governing approach of this research is survey and correlation type. Because by using the methods of gathering information and setting up a questionnaire, we are trying to evaluate the level of satisfaction of the residents affected by the environmental quality of the open space of residential complexes (case example: Gorgan city). The theoretical framework and research literature are also using the Library method and collected documents. Cronbach's alpha method was used to check the reliability of the questionnaire. The statistical population in this research will be three different residential complexes, including the Cotton Organization residential complex located on 20-meter Kashani street, the Baharestan residential complex located on Resalat Blvd., the Sayad Shirazi residential complex located on Sayad Shirazi street.The open spaces between the residential buildings are the basis of the residents' connection with nature and the place to spend leisure time in the immediate exterior of the house. Therefore, it is necessary to review and pay special attention to the design of the open space of residential complexes as a common and collective yard in many types of residential buildings today.Satisfaction is a function of different aspects of human life and it is shaped by the combination of different perceptions of a person from daily life. Based on the existing research, the main constructive criteria of satisfaction with the location in the open space of residential complexes are based on spatial, functional, managerial, social, and demographic dimensions. Based on this, a five-dimensional model was extracted to evaluate residents' satisfaction.Therefore, according to the results of the data analysis, it can be said that there is no positive and meaningful relationship between the different personal characteristics of the residents of residential complexes and their level of satisfaction with the open space of the complex. What was obtained from the data analysis in this research also confirms that different individual characteristics of the residents of residential complexes, among other factors, do not play a role in their satisfaction with the open space of the complex. When the effect of factors and components was measured simultaneously on the level of satisfaction of the residents with the open space of the complex, it was found that this factor has no effect on attracting and increasing the number of residents. Therefore, considering that this factor does not have a direct and positive relationship with the attraction and quantitative increase of residents and as a result the residents' satisfaction with the open space of residential complexes, it is not necessary to consider it in the design of the open space of residential complexes. This difference may be rooted in people's different approaches to using space.The results of the research indicate the importance of the role of the architect as a creator of the space in the residents' satisfaction with the place, if the spatial and social characteristics have the greatest effect on the residents' satisfaction, then the functional characteristics are another effective measure in the residents' satisfaction. Management features have the least impact on the evaluation of residents' satisfaction with the space.Therefore, considering the importance of creating and maintaining people's satisfaction and ignoring this importance in today's designs and considering the lack of scientific-research studies in this field in the country, the present research aims to investigate and recognize Effective factors in the design of open spaces of residential complexes, provide solutions that will improve the satisfaction of the residents.
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