The Uprising of 1920, the Ruḥaniyyat (Clergy) and Arab Nationalism in the Entry of Iraq into the New Era (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

چکیده

The uprising of 1920 in Iraq is the most important historical, political and social event of current Iraq in entering the new era. Some of the analyzes under the concept of secularism have introduced this uprising as a national and secular uprising. Another part of the analysis has presented a religious and Islamic analysis of this uprising using the concept of political Islam. In this article, an attempt has been made to show the ineffectiveness of these discourses in analyzing and understanding events such as the 1920 Iraqi uprising by contextualizing the concepts of nationalism, secularism, political Islam and related concepts. From this point of view, the image presented in the form of these analyzes of the 1920 Iraqi uprising is therefore neither secular nor under the concept of political Islam that can be understood, interpreted and analyzed. Even as some are trying to include it under the incompatible concept of Islamic nationalism, they have also suffered a kind of confusion in understanding it. This uprising shows the ineffectiveness of these concepts in understanding the socio-political phenomena of the Islamic world. In this regard, an attempt has been made to show the importance of the 1920 Iraqi uprising in the foundation and deconstruction of the dominant concepts and paradigms in the political field. Also, the power and potential of this uprising in creating new models of politics and governance in the geographical border between concepts and dualities such as secularism and theocracy will be highlighted