آیه البسمله؛ مبناها ومعناها نظرات فی تداولیّه المعنی الوظیفیّ للآیه من منظور شبکات التواصل النحویّ (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
آیه البسمله هی أعظمُ آیهٍ فی القرآن الکریم نظرا للموقع الدلالی الخطیر والإیحاءات البنیویه التی تحظی بها من حیث المغزی والمفهوم والتشکیل النحوی والترابط القاعدیّ الذی یتمظهر فیها. فإنّ الألفاظ فیها متّ سقهٌ اتساقا تواصلیّا متینا من حیث الحذوفات والزوائد وأنماط النضد الآلیاتیّ الذی یفی بالمقصود المفاهیمیّ البته؛ وإنّ فیها مستمسکات نحویّه وتخریجات دلالیّه أولیّه لا تتطابق مع الصور المفاهیمیّه الراقیه التی تختزنها الآیه، کما لا تقدر علی رسم الواقع التعبیریّ الذی تبتغیه المکوّنات التألیفیّه المبرمجه للنصّ. فإنّ هذه الدراسه –ووفقا للمنهج الوصفی التحلیلی ستحاول تأصیل رؤیه نحویّه دلالیّه جدیده فی آیه البسمله والتی ستخالف النمط الإعرابی المعهود الذی سار علی دربه النحاه والمعربون عموما من دون النظر إلی المُعْ طَ یات الفکریّه والمعرفیّه والهویّ ات الخطابیّه التعددیّه التی لا یکاد یوحی بها هذا النمط المستعمل. إذًا فنحاول الوصول إلی رکائز تقویمیّه أصیله فی نحو الآیه وتخریجها والتی تکون أکثر ملاءمه وتضافرا مع مقتضیات النصّ الحداثیّ. والنتائج تُظهر أنّ للآیه الکریمه رسما نموذجیّا نحویّا متکاملا یتنافی عموما مع المفروضات الذهنیّه التی ألفناها سابقا فی بیان التدلیلات النحویّه لها، بل إنّ الشبکه التواصلیّه النحویّه التی تتأسّس علیها الآیه تقتضی أن نعزف عزوفا عن المکانیزمات التأویلیّه القاصره التی تخضع لها شکلانیّهُ النصّ وکفی، حتی نحصل علی عطاءات ذهنیّه ومفاهیمیّه وتَرْجَمیّ ه جدیده تتوافق مع البناء التکوینیّ المستهدف للنصّ.Basmalah verse; Its premise and meaning Insights into the pragmatic functional meaning of the verse from the perspective of syntactic communication networks
The Basmala verse is the greatest verse in the Holy Qur’an due to its dangerous semantic position and the structural overtones it has in terms of significance, concept, grammatical formation, and the syntactic coherence that appears in it. The expressions in it are consistent in a solid communicative consistency in terms of omissions, additions, and patterns of mechanical antithesis, which completely fulfills the conceptual intent. And it contains grammatical clings and initial semantic conclusions that do not correspond to the high-end conceptual images that the verse stores, just as it is unable to draw the expressive reality that the programmed compositional components of the text desire. This study - and according to the descriptive analytical approach, will try to establish a new semantic grammatical vision in the verse of the Basmala, which will contradict the usual syntactic pattern that was followed by grammarians and Arabists in general, without looking at the intellectual and epistemological data and the pluralistic discursive identities that this used pattern hardly suggests. So, we try to reach the original evaluative pillars in the syntax and translation of the verse, which are more appropriate and consistent with the requirements of the modernist text. The results show that the verse has an exemplary, integrated grammatical drawing that generally contradicts the mental assumptions that we have already familiarized ourselves with in explaining the grammatical indications for it. New mental, conceptual and translational bids that are compatible with the intended formative structure of the text.
Syntax is the movement and the foundational norm based on flexibility and the fight against statutory stagnation in defining the semantic functions whose burdens are carried by the drawn grammatical system, if we want to build a formative text that carries a set of cultural stocks that it is hoped to consolidate in the mind of the recipient through the literal message that we choose to communicate the socialist idea to addressee. If grammar fails to list these latent facts, then it should hardly be relied upon as a constructive transformational mechanism for creating various concepts that are renewed with the renewal of grammatical patterns. The storyteller, the narrator, the writer, and the speaker must choose the ideal casting to accomplish this semantic task, and seek for it the most important grammatical correction tools in his possession so that his creativity is characterized by novelty, sobriety, and suggestive productivity, so that the transmitter can add a conscious cultural stock to the grammatical mentality of the addressee, in addition to the intellectual inheritances. Which his mind deals with at its first interpretive initiatives. Rather, he must know that “the mere focus on the language being a mere mental activity leads to the failure of the generative grammar to find an explanation for the functions of the language, or if he confines the functions of grammar to being a mechanical process whose elements are realized automatically when following the transformational rules. The psychological aspect and social conditions, as well as non-linguistic factors, in order to obtain a higher goal, which is the meaning.
The maximum of the mechanistic grammatical attempts is to conclude the pragmatic and argumentative productions that feed the conceptual thresholds of the text in a distinctive way, and the ultimate goal of them is the informational monitoring of the grammatical communication networks in order to obtain a proven exegetical pattern that is required by the correct inferential bodies to fertilize the syntax. In the circle of dry inflectional concepts that we are familiar with in our grammatical heritage, such as the nominative, the predicate, the affirmative, the negative, and other types of structures. It does not form acceptable sentences, neither at the level of the usual grammatical system, nor at the level of the learned significance. And the pragmatics that we are about to monitor its features in intensifying the semantic role of grammar is itself “concerned with the use of linguistic units in a specific actual context, that is, a context concerned with verbal facts, and it deserves to be called the science of linguistic usage, and it is divided into linguistic, social and applied therapeutics.”
Accordingly, the inquisitive study of the most important verse of the Holy Qur’an, whose aroma resounds at the beginning of every blessed chapter of it, requires that the study be aware of all these juxtaposed deliberative aspects in which syntax and semantics meet in order to reach a higher purpose than the steady grammatical interpretations, which Its performance is limited to the framework of simplified, intuitive strategies, and only the possibilities of monotonous grammatical grammar come to it without relying on the inevitable formative side of the pragmatic-developmental grammar. Accordingly, we must rely on grammar as a microscope that magnifies the small and small of the meaning so that the expressive patterns are a fabric that reveals the meaning hidden beneath it, by building an original plan in monitoring emerging concepts within the verse grammatically, which necessarily requires that we sort out the initial grammatical suggestions that revolve around it. Look at the verse from the perspective of the semantic data for syntax and pronunciation.
The results of the present study are summarized in the following themes:
- The syntax and coordinating grammatical systems that were used in the verse of the Basmala play an important functional/pragmatic role in establishing the moral infrastructure required by the components of the text, and the neglect of the correct syntactical patterns in the systems of the verse leads to the occurrence of strict conceptual errors in conveying its contents and representing its meaning directly.
- The grammatical mechanisms alone (normally, transformatively, and functionally) are not sufficient to explain what distinguishes the verse from the innovations of evidence and meaning, just as the grammatical mentality alone is incapable of fulfilling the main purposes that the verse of the Basmalah is full of from the perspective of the claim of divinity and mercy that the Basmalah calls for, if it is not Coupled with the deliberative-expressive approach whose function is to reveal the facts of the communicative and cognitive language, the grammatical organizational structure of the basmalah guides directly to the moral structure that is intended to be communicated to the addressee, and the grammatical pattern that is prepared for it in complete agreement with the intended meanings.
- The translation that follows from the verse in view of the functional-transformative roles that characterize it must be reconsidered in terms of the impossibility of translating the divine flags that characterize the One of the Creator, and during the translation of the verse and the development of conceptual monitoring networks in it, all that is relevant must be taken into account. Contribute to the enrichment of its etymological connotations and leave a direct impact on crystallizing the new mentalities that the verse abounds with.
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