حمایت از شاغلین مشاغل سخت و زیان آور بالینی در پرتو رویه دیوان عدالت اداری (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مشاغل بالینی به موجب حکم قانونگذار بعنوان مشاغل سخت و زیان آور تعیین و شاغلین آن مورد حمایت قرار گرفته اند. با توجه به فعالیت شاغلین مذکور در بخش های مختلف دولتی و غیردولتی و حاکمیت قوانین و مقررات دارای احکام مختلف بر بخش های مذکور، رویه های متفاوتی در حمایت از شاغلین مذکور اتخاذ گردیده و این امر میان افرادی که به مشاغل یکسان با شرایط مشابه و با شرح وظایف یکسان اشتغال دارند موجب تبعیض گردیده است. هدف از نگارش این مقاله بررسی رویه های متفاوت و ارائه راهکار جهت رفع این تبعیض می باشد. مشمولین قانون کار و تامین اجتماعی با حداقل 20 سال متوالی یا 25 سال متناوب سابقه اشتغال و بدون رعایت شرط حداقل سن، مشمولین قوانین و مقررات استخدامی با داشتن حداقل 25 سال سابقه اشتغال در مشاغل غیرتخصصی و 30 سال در مشاغل تخصصی، کارکنان دانشگاه آزاد با داشتن حداقل 20 سال سابقه اشتغال، مشمولین آیین نامه اداری استخدامی و تشکیلاتی کارمندان غیر هیئت علمی دانشگاه های علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی کشور با داشتن 25 سال سابقه اشتغال و کارکنان نیروهای مسلح با داشتن حداقل 20 سال سابقه اشتغال بازنشسته می گردند. لذا تسری شرایط تبصره 2 اصلاحی ماده 76 قانون تأمین اجتماعی مصوب 1380 به تمامی شاغلین مشاغل سخت و زیان آور بالینی می تواند راه گشا باشد.Supporting Employees of Arduous or Hazardous Clinical Jobs in the Light of the Case Law of the Administrative Court of Justice
1. IntroductionHuman rights such as the right to life, the right to health, the right to work and social security, and the right to a healthy environment call for supporting workers of arduous or hazardous jobs in forms of their right to enjoy a proper, healthy and hygienic work environment and support during work and retirement. Clinical occupations have specifically been designated as arduous or hazardous occupations by the legislator's decree and its employees have been further supported. Unfortunately, because the mentioned employees work in different governmental and non-governmental sectors and that they are under different laws and regulations including different provisions depending on the relevant sector, different procedures have been adopted to support these employees which causes discrimination between people who have the same jobs with similar conditions and with the same duties. Those covered by the labor and social security law retire with at least 20 consecutive years or 25 alternating years of employment experience and without meeting the minimum age requirement, those subject to National Employment Laws and related regulations retire with at least 25 years of employment experience in non-specialized jobs and 30 years in specialized jobs, Azad University employees retire by having at least 20 years of employment experience, workers subjected to the Administrative Regulation for Employment and Organization of Non-faculty Employees of the University of Medical Sciences and Healthcare Services of the Country retire with 25 years of employment experience, and the employees of the armed forces retire with at least 20 years of employment experience. Therefore, extending the conditions of amendment 2 of Article 76 of the Social Security Law 1380 to all those working in arduous or hazardous clinical jobs can be considered a way forward. Literature ReviewSo far, no article has been written about supporting those working in arduous or hazardous clinical jobs. MethodologyDescriptive/analytical/exploratory research methods will be used in writing this research. Also, the method of collecting information in the upcoming research will be library research. Other methods of collecting information such as field research and questionnaires will not be used. ConclusionThe table below demonstrates the different approaches to supporting those working in arduous or hazardous clinical jobs based on the governmental and non-governmental sectors and the different applicable rules to the mentioned sectors: Therefore, this system has caused discrimination between people who are employed in the same jobs with the same conditions and with the same description of duties which necessitates the initiative of the legislator to solve it.
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