ارزیابی و سنجش شاخص های کیفیت زندگی هوشمند شهری در شهر تهران (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
در قرن حاضر با ظهور تکنولوژی های نوین و هوشمند در حوزه فن آوری اطلاعات در کلان شهر تهران، تغییرات بسیاری در زندگی شهرنشینان رخ داده است و این توجه اندیشمندان را به مفهوم "کیفیت زندگی هوشمند" جلب کرده که نتیجه آن بازنگری و ارائه ابعاد و شاخص های موثر در سنجش آن در کلان شهر تهران است. با توجه به اهمیت کیفیت زندگی در نظام برنامه ریزی، توجه به مفهوم هوشمندی و گسترش تأثیر آن در عامل مذکور بیش ازپیش مطرح می گردد. هدف از این پژوهش دستیابی به یک مدل ساختاری، ترتیب اهمیت و ضریب تأثیر ابعاد و شاخص های کیفیت زندگی هوشمند شهری از طریق معادلات ساختاری با رویکرد حداقل مربعات جزئی (PLS) در کلان شهر تهران می باشد. مناطق یک، شش و نوزده شهرداری تهران به عنوان جامعه آماری و حجم جامعه آماری نیز چهارصد نفر می باشد. بر اساس نتایج حاصله تمامی ابعاد هفتگانه پژوهش ارتباط معناداری با عامل کیفیت زندگی هوشمند شهری جهت سنجش و ارزیابی آن دارند. همچنین در راستای بیان میزان اهمیت این ابعاد در مناطق مختلف، عامل انسجام و مشارکت اجتماعی در منطقه یک، آموزش عمومی در منطقه شش و عامل مصرف منابع و محیط زیست در منطقه نوزده تهران بالاترین رتبه را به خود اختصاص داده اند. لذا می توان گفت که توسعه شهرها تحت تأثیر توسعه روزافزون فن آوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات در نقاط مختلف دنیا است اما این موضوع نباید باعث نادیده گرفتن تفاوت ها و خواسته های مردم مختلف گردد.Evaluation and measurement of indicators of quality of urban smart living in Tehran city
In the present century, with the advent of new and intelligent technologies in the field of information and communication technology in Tehran metropolis, many changes have taken place in the life of urban dwellers and its quality, and this has attracted the attention of many thinkers to the concept of "quality of smart life". The result is a review and presentation of effective dimensions and indicators in measuring it in Tehran metropolis. Given the importance of the quality of life factor in the urban planning system, attention to the concept of intelligence and the expansion of its impact on this factor is increasingly discussed. The purpose of this study is to achieve a structural model, the order of importance and impact factor of dimensions and quality indicators of smart urban life through structural equations with partial least squares (PLS) approach in the metropolis of Tehran. Districts one, six and nineteen of Tehran Municipality have been selected as the statistical population and the size of the statistical population is four hundred people. Based on the results, all seven dimensions of research have a significant relationship with the quality of intelligent urban life to measure and evaluate it. Also, in order to express the importance of these dimensions in different regions, the factor of cohesion and social participation in region one, public education in region six and the factor of resource consumption and environment in the nineteenth region of Tehran have the highest rank. It can be said that the development of cities and communities is strongly influenced by the increasing development of information and communication technology in different parts of the world, but this issue should not ignore the differences and demands of different people
Extended Abstract
Introduction
In the current era, with the passage of 50% of the world's urban population, the millennium of urbanization and therefore, we are facing the second wave of urbanization due to the high volume and speed of urbanization and the emergence of new cities. Meanwhile, the growth of urbanization has taken place simultaneously with the rule of information technology in various fields of urban life. It has taken a faster pace than in the past, perhaps the third wave of urbanization. This growing growth in recent centuries has led to numerous problems such as congestion, environmental pollution, food and energy crises, as well as difficult challenges for the government and issues related to development planning and operation of cities and urban management in the professional fields responsible to the city. The advent of information and communication technology has made the concept of intelligence undeniably impact all human development processes. Cities use ICT to change urban infrastructure, public and private services, and government activities. One of the new concepts to meet the current challenges of cities in the field of urban planning is the development of smart cities, which has attracted much attention in recent years. Considering the efforts of thinkers as theorists and executives in order to improve the quality of life of urban people, the study and understanding of the effective factors in achieving this goal has been of the highest importance so that today with the advent of information and communication technology and its effects there are a hundred different factors. In this research, with a descriptive-analytical approach, the dimensions and indicators affecting the quality of smart living were identified. Then, the importance of these factors was asked from the citizens' point of view using a questionnaire tool and the structural equation modeling method in Smart-PLS software was analyzed. By studying various sources and examining them, different dimensions of the quality of urban smart living based on health, security, culture, education, cohesion and social
participation, resource consumption and environmental protection, and finally, physical and building development have been expressed.
Methodology
The present study is of qualitative and quantitative type. The necessary information is collected, and the required dimensions and indicators to explain the relationships between them for survey-based analysis through structural equation modeling or SEM and partial least squares approach or PLS were identified. In this study, the dimensions and indicators of evaluating the quality of urban smart living have been extracted by studying various researches and in the next step by compiling a questionnaire based on Likert scale (ranking scale for measuring sequential data) and its distribution among city residents Tehran's opinions were collected in 3 regions: north, central and south.
The relationships between observable variables (questionnaire questions) and dependent variables (dimensions and indicators) are considered and measured by determining the measurement model. This method will be a homogeneous model where the absolute value of the factor load of each of the observable variables (questions) corresponding to the hidden variable of that model is at least 0.7. The result confirms this value. Cronbach's alpha coefficient and mean-variance index or AVE were used to measure the two criteria, respectively. The values obtained for Cronbach's alpha were higher than 0.7, and the mean extracted variance was above 0.5, which is higher than the minimum acceptable.
Results and discussion
According to the information obtained in district one of Tehran, the index of electronic voting process intelligence has no significant relationship with social cohesion and participation, as well as the innovation of educational methods with public education. In the sixth district of
Tehran, smartening index in the care and
monitoring of patients' health status with
the dimension of health, monitoring and control of public and private spaces with security, smartening to increase the level of study (electronics and mobile) in education and familiarity with tourist sites has no significant relationship with cultural development. Similarly, in the nineteenth region, the index of receiving security services and analyzing data related to the occurrence of crime to prevent its further occurrence with security, intelligence in the direction of education, and virtual assessment of education and cost. Construction in intelligent physical development, waste generation, and innovation in its recycling have no significant relationship with the consumption of resources and the environment, while there is a significant relationship between other dimensions and indicators in creating an urban quality of smart living.
Conclusions
Accordingly, the dimensions of cohesion and social participation in region one, public education in region six, and resource consumption and environment in region nineteen of Tehran are of the highest importance in evaluating and improving the
quality of smart living. Housing and buildings ranked seventh with the least importance. According to the information provided in the tables, the ranking of indicators can be checked. Finally, it should be noted that the development of information technology and its impact on the lives of societies is undeniable. Still, on the other hand, the emphasis on using this platform should not lead to designing a single path for development. Understanding the opinions and demands of citizens in different cities is a critical factor in targeting and determining urban development strategies using smart methods and equipment.
Funding
There is no funding support.
Authors’ Contribution
All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work.
Conflict of Interest
Authors declared no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.
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