سنجش اثرات منطقه آزاد تجاری - صنعتی بر عدالت اجتماعی در شهر چابهار (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مناطق آزاد تجاری - صنعتی به عنوان محرک توسعه اقتصادی در بسیاری از کشورها در نهایت منجر به توسعه و رفاه اجتماعی مردم منطقه می شود . لذا هدف پژوهش حاضر سنجش اثرات منطقه آزاد تجاری - صنعتی بر عدالت اجتماعی در شهر چابهار است. پژوهش تحلیلی حاضر به لحاظ هدف از جمله تحقیقات کاربردی بوده است و روش بررسی آن پیمایشی است. گردآوری اطلاعات به دو روش مطالعات کتابخانه ای و مطالعات میدانی (پرسشنامه) صورت گرفته است. جامعه آماری شامل ساکنان شهر چابهار (106739 نفر) که حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران محاسبه و تعداد (382 نفر) انتخاب شد. در این پژوهش پرسشنامه ها نیز بر حسب تسهیم درصد در نواحی چهارگانه شهر چابهار بر حسب نسبت جمعیت توزیع گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار های ( SPSS ) ، ( AMOS ) و شاخص ترکیبی توسعه انسانی ( HDI ) ، انجام شده است. نتایج آزمون همبستگی اسپیرمن نشان داد که بین متغیر منطقه آزاد تجاری- صنعتی، و بعد عدالت اجتماعی، رابطه مثبت و معنی داری در سطح اطمینان 99 درصد وجود دارد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون، به شیوه گام به گام نشان داد 95 درصد تغییرات متغیر وابسته (عدالت اجتماعی) به وسیله متغیر مستقل (منطقه آزاد تجاری- صنعتی)، تبیین می شود. همچنین نتایج مدل ساختاری تحقیق به کمک نرم افزار AMOS حاکی از معنی دار بودن روابط بین شاخص های عدالت اجتماعی می باشد. در نهایت نتایج شاخص ترکیبی توسعه انسانی ( HDI ) نشان داد در بین نواحی چهارگانه شهر چابهار، ناحیه دو با میزان برخورداری (81/4) در وضعیت نیمه برخوردار و نسبت به سایر نواحی وضعیت بهتری دارد.Assessing the effects of free trade-industrial zone on social justice in Chabahar city
Free trade-industrial zones as a stimulus for economic development in many countries ultimately leads to the development and social welfare of the people of the region. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of free trade-industrial zone on the social justice in Chabahar city. The present analytical research was an applied research in terms of purpose and it was a survey research in terms of the method. Data collection was done in two ways: library studies and field studies (questionnaire). The statistical population included residents of Chabahar (106739 people) from which 382 people were selected as the sample using the Cochran's formula. The questionnaires were distributed in the four districts of Chabahar city in terms of population ratio. Data were analyzed using (SPSS), (AMOS) and Combined Human Development Index (HDI). The results of the Spearman correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the free trade-industrial zone variable and the dimension social justice at 99% confidence level. The results of regression analysis showed that 95% of the changes in the dependent variable (social justice) is explained by the independent variable (free trade-industrial zone). Also, the results of the structural model of the research using AMOS software indicated that the relationships between social justice indicators are significant. Finally, the results of the Combined Human Development Index (HDI) showed that among the four districts of Chabahar city, the second district with a rate of (81.4) is in a semi-privileged condition; it is in a better condition than other districts. Extended Abstract Introduction The creation of free trade zones, special economic zones and throughout the export processing zones is one of the goals of regional and national planning, in order to increase and develop exports, create employment, attract the domestic investment, transfer technology, increase public income, etc. The implementation of such programs and the creation of such areas always requires consequences in the economic, political, social and cultural dimensions. Free trade-industrial zones as a driver of economic development in many countries ultimately lead to the development and social welfare of the people of the region. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to measure the effects of the free trade-industrial zone on social justice in the Chabahar city. Methodology The present analytical research was an applied research in terms of purpose and it was a survey research in terms of the method. Data collection was done in two ways: library studies and field studies (questionnaire). The statistical population included residents of Chabahar (106739 people) from which 382 people were selected as the sample using the Cochran's formula. The questionnaires were distributed in the four districts of Chabahar city in terms of population ratio. The questionnaires were distributed in the four districts of Chabahar city in terms of population ratio. Data were analyzed using (SPSS), (AMOS) and Combined Human Development Index (HDI). Results and discussion The results of Spearman correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the free trade-industrial zone variable and the dimension social justice at 99% confidence level. The results of regression analysis showed that 95% of the changes in the dependent variable (social justice) are explained by the independent variable (free trade-industrial zone). Also, the results of the structural model of the research using AMOS software indicated that the relationships between social justice indicators are significant. Finally, the results of the Combined Human Development Index (HDI) showed that among the four districts of Chabahar city, the second district with a rate of (81.4) is in a semi-privileged condition; it is in a better condition than other districts. Conclusion Through generating income and increasing health facilities, increasing literacy and education, and creating suitable opportunities for employment and benefiting from housing facilities, Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone has provided a relatively moderate gap between the rich and the poor. But the social effects (such as justice) created in the port city of Chabahar, influenced by the free zone, have created different spatial effects in the city, which can be clearly seen in the city areas. Funding There is no funding support. Authors’ Contribution All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the persons for scientific consulting in this paper.
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