بررسی تأثیرپذیری ابن رشد از غزالی در مسئله تأویل نصوص دینی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
متفکران اسلامی در باب فهم آیات متشابه و مسئله ظاهر و باطن داشتن آیات به یکسان نمی اندیشند و گاهی اختلافات مبنایی میانشان وجود دارد. غزالی و ابن رشد از موافقان بهره گیری از روش تأویل در فهم آیات متشابه بودند و راه گریز از چالش و تعارض ظاهر و باطن را استفاده از رهیافت تأویل می دانستند. ابن رشد در مخالفت با غزالی شهره بود و کتاب تهافت التهافت را در نقد تهافت الفلاسفه غزالی نگاشت. با وجود نقدهایی که به او در این کتاب و دیگر آثارش صورت می دهد، در پاره ای از موارد و به ویژه در مسئله تأویل از غزالی تأثیر می پذیرد. غزالی دو گونه مواجهه در دو دوره فکری با مسئله تأویل دارد. این مواجهه در هر دو دوره کاملاً روشمند است و همین امر سبب الگوبرداری از روش ارائه شده او در مسئله تأویل شد. از این الگو در فهم متن ابن رشد بهره فراوانی برده است. براساس یافته های تحقیق، ابن رشد هم در ماهیت شناسی تأویل و هم در تعلیل و ضرورت اقبال به آن و هم در ابزار روی آوری به تأویل از غزالی متأثر بود؛ اگرچه اختلاف نظرهایی نیز در هریک از موارد با او دارد. در پژوهش حاضر، به روش توصیفی تحلیلی وجوه تأثیرپذیری ابن رشد از غزالی در مسئله تأویل نشان داده شده است.Investigating the Influence of Ibn Rushd from Ghazali on the Issue of Interpretation of Religious Texts
Extended Abstract Islamic thinkers do not think alike about understanding similar verses and the issue of the appearance and interiority of verses, and sometimes there are fundamental differences between them. Al-Ghazali and Ibn Rushd are in favor of using the method of interpretation in understanding similar verses and considering the way of escaping from the challenge and conflict of appearance and the inner self using the approach of interpretation. Ibn Rushd was famous for opposing Al-Ghazali and writing the book Tahaft Al-Tahaft in his critique of Tahaft al-Ghazali philosophers. Despite the criticisms, he is influenced by Al-Ghazali in some cases, and especially in the matter of interpretation. Al-Ghazali has two approaches encountering the problem of interpretation in two intellectual periods, in both of which he has been able to provide a new model by presenting a special approach in interpretation so that others can take a step in this direction and achieve a methodical understanding of religious texts. He has benefited a lot from this research model in understanding Ibn Rushd's text. According to the research findings, Ibn Rushd was influenced by Ghazali both in the nature of interpretation and in the reasoning and necessity of accepting it, as well as in the means of approaching interpretation. In the present descriptive-analytical study, the influence of Ibn Rushd from Ghazali on the issue of interpretation has been investigated. Al-Ghazali and Ibn Rushd are both advocates of using the method of interpretation in understanding the text. Although Ghazali is one of the Ash'arite theologians, in the matter of interpretation in both intellectual periods, he distances himself from thinkers such as Abul Hassan Ash'ari, Baqalani, and Jovini and accepts the methodical interpretation in understanding many verses of the Holy Qur'an . Methodology and adherence to a disciplined mechanism in interpretation are the characteristics of using this method by Al-Ghazali. Ibn Al-Rushd, like Al-Ghazali, does not see a conflict between the outward and inward meaning of the verses of the Holy Qur'an . Interpretation is a method that philosophers have the right to use in understanding the Holy Qur'an . Although this method raised serious objections to Al-Ghazali, it is influenced by Al-Ghazali’s interpretation. Ibn Al-Rushd mentions Al-Ghazali in many cases and considers Ghazali's method in this regard to be correct. He speaks about the nature of interpretation, the necessity of paying attention to it, its types and varieties, the division of the audience of revelation, and the permission and impermissibility of interpretation like Al-Ghazali.
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