تحلیل موانع و راهبردهای توسعه گردشگری شهرستان دزپارت (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
گردشگری به عنوان یک صنعت پویا در اقتصاد منطقه ای و سرزمینی، می تواند بسیاری از چالش های اجتماعی و اقتصادی را مدیریت نماید. در همین راستا شناخت موانع پیش رو در مرحله اول و سپس ارائه راهبردهای موثر در مرحله دوم، می تواند به توسعه گردشگری هر منطقه کمک نماید؛ چرا که هر منطقه فارغ از مسائل کلان گردشگری، موانع و راهبردهای خاص خود را دارد. هدف این تحقیق، شناخت موانع توسعه گردشگری در شهرستان دزپارت و سپس ارائه راهبردهای موثر جهت رفع این موانع است. روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی و از نوع ژرف نگر و جز تحقیقات کمی است. جامعه آماری تحقیق را جمعیت منطقه دزپارت برابر با 19351 نفر بوده است. بر اساس محاسبه فرمول کوکران، حجم نمونه به تعداد 377 نفر محاسبه شد. ابزار گردآوری داده ها، پرسش نامه بوده که روایی آن از طریق جامعه نخبگان تایید و پایایی نیز از طریق آلفای کرونباخ با ضریب 74/0 تایید شد. تحلیل آزمون تی تک نمونه ای نشان داد که موانع محیطی، اجتماعی-فرهنگی، مدیریتی و زیربنایی با سطح معناداری کمتر از 05/0 و با اختلاف میانگین به ترتیب برابر با(111/0)، (160/0)، (965/0) و (012/1)، تاثیرگذاری زیادی در توسعه گردشگری منطقه دزپارت ایفاء می نمایند. نتیجه رگرسیون از تاثیرگذاری 65 درصدی این موانع اشاره دارد که موانع زیربنایی با ضریب231/0(23درصد) بیشترین تاثیرگذاری و موانع محیطی با ضریب113/0(11درصد)، کمترین تاثیرگذاری را در توسعه گردشگری دارند. در راستای رفع موانع، شش راهبرد برنامه ریزی فرهنگی، مدیریت یکپارچه، بهبود خدمات و امکانات، ظرفیت سنجی و عرضه محصولات، توسعه عمرانی-زیربنایی و بهبود دانش گردشگری ارائه شد.Analysis of obstacles and strategies for tourism development in the Dezpart County
Introduction
Tourism, as a dynamic industry in the regional and territorial economy, can manage many social and economic challenges. In this regard, recognizing the obstacles ahead in the first stage and then presenting effective strategies in the second stage, can help the development of tourism in each region; Because each region, regardless of major tourism issues, has its own obstacles and strategies. Dezpart county was separated from the Izeh county in 1400 and is known as a separate political area. Therefore, on the one hand, considering that this city has recently become administratively independent and planning for its development by managers and officials is very important and vital, and on the other hand, one of the programmable capacities for its development is tourism. Obstacles and strategies for the development of this industry can not only provide a proper knowledge to the authorities, but also can identify important obstacles and strategies for the development of tourism in the Despart region for optimal and sustainable planning. The purpose of this study is to identify obstacles to tourism development in the Dezpart County and then provide effective strategies to address these obstacles
Data and Method
Due to its descriptive-analytical nature, the research method is in-depth and applied in terms of purpose. It is also quantitative-survey based on method. The statistical population of the study is the population of Despart region in 2016 equal to 19,351 people. Based on the calculation of Cochran's formula, the sample size was calculated to be 377 people. There are 84 villages and one urban point in this area, and it was not possible to conduct interrogation operations in all of them. Based on this, the city center (Dehdez city) and rural areas over 400 people in this study were selected for questioning, the number of which was 7 villages. Therefore, Dehdez city and the villages of Shivand, Faleh, Kalimalek, Mallah, Chaman, Deh Kian and Mozarm were selected in this study. The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by the elite community and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of 0.74. SPSS software was used for data analysis.
Results and discussion
The result of one-sample t-test at the level of indicators shows that all four indicators of environmental barriers, managerial barriers, socio-economic obstacles and infrastructure barriers are significant at the level of less than 0.05. In other words, the study of the results at the level of indicators shows that in order to develop tourism in the region, managerial, environmental, infrastructural and socio-economic obstacles play an important role. The study of the difference between the average of environmental index (0.111), socio-economic index (0.160), management index (0.965) and infrastructure index (1.012) also confirms this in all four dimensions in the field of tourism development. They have a great impact and action should be taken to remove these obstacles.
The strength of effective obstacles (environmental, socio-economic, infrastructure and management) in the development of tourism in the region is not the same. Environmental barriers with a rate equal to 0.113 units predict the tourism development variable, which means predicting 11% of the changes in this variable. Also, managerial obstacles with a rate of 0.176 units, means a forecast of 17% of changes in tourism development. In other words, managerial barriers to the development of tourism in the region are 17% effective. Infrastructural obstacles with an amount of 0.231 units, ie 23% of the explanation has also been effective. Socio-economic barriers can also explain more than 13% of tourism development variables.
Conclusion
The analysis showed that environmental, socio-cultural, managerial and infrastructural obstacles have a great impact on the development of tourism in the Dezpart region. These obstacles are 65% effective, with infrastructure barriers with a coefficient of 0.231 having the most impact and environmental barriers with a coefficient of 0.113 having the least impact on tourism development in the region. In order to remove obstacles, six strategies of cultural planning, integrated management, improving services and facilities, capacity measurement and product supply, development-infrastructure development and improving tourism knowledge were presented.
According to the results and strategies of tourism development in the region, it can be suggested that cultural planning, management reform, increasing knowledge and awareness of the local community about tourism and its effects, improving tourism technology, developing access and development of the region and finally improving Tourism services in the Dezpart region should be considered.
تبلیغات
