واکاوی مؤلفه های حکمروایی خوب شهری در ایجاد رضایتمندی سکونتی با رویکرد آینده پژوهی (مطالعه موردی: شهر رشت) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
با توجه به گسترش شهرها و افزایش جمعیت، بررسی رضایتمندی سکونتی ساکنین برای برآورده کردن نیازهای آتی و رسیدن به توسعه پایدار، جایگاه ویژه ای در مطالعات مختلف پیدا نموده است. رضایتمندی سکونتی براساس مولفه های بسیاری مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد و بعنوان ابزاری برای تصمیم گیری و سیاستگذاری در نظر گرفته می شود. در این راستا بررسی رضایتمندی سکونتی در شهر رشت به عنوان یزرگترین و پرجمعیت ترین شهر استان گیلان حائز اهمیت می باشد. لذا هدف این پژوهش سنجش مؤلفه های حکمروایی خوب شهری در ایجاد رضایتمندی سکونتی در شهر رشت با رویکرد آینده پژوهی است. پژوهش حاضر کاربردی و به لحاظ روش انجام توصیفی- تحلیلی و اکتشافی بوده است. گردآوری داده ها به روش اسنادی و نیز به صورت پیمایشی مبتنی بر تکنیک دلفی می باشد. ابتدا 35 عامل به عنوان عوامل مؤثر در رضایتمندی سکونتی شهر رشت با توجه به مولفه-های حکمروایی خوب شهری شناسایی و در گام بعدیاز نرم افزار میک مک برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها استفاده شده است و نوع پرسشنامه به صورت ماتریس اثرات متقابل و با توجه به نظرات کارشناسان و متخصصان برنامه ریزی شهری شهر رشت می باشد. وزن دهی این پرسشنامه به صورت مقایسه ای زوجی و میزان ارتباط متغیرها با اعداد بین صفر تا سه سنجیده می شود. در نهایت 13 عامل کلیدی شناسایی شد و تعداد 29 وضعیت احتمالی برای عوامل کلیدی در نظر گرفته شد. پرسشنامه سناریو ویزارد نیز به صورت ماتریس اثرات متقابل طراحی و در اختیار کارشناسان قرار گرفت. در این پرسشنامه، وضعیت ها می توانند تأثیرگذاری تقویت کننده یا تأثیرگذاری محدودکننده را نشان دهند و اعداد پرسشنامه از3+ تا 3- متغیر است. مدیریت و برنامه ریزی یکپارچه شهری، مشارکت شهروندان و اجتماعات محلی، وجود زیرساخت ها و سازوکارهای لازم برای مداخله شهروندان و همکاری سازمان های مردم نهاد با شهرداری بیشترین ارزش سازگاری را بین عوامل کلیدی در بهبود وضعیت رضایتمندی سکونتی شهر رشت در چارچوب حکمروایی خوب شهری دارند.Investigating the Components of Good Urban Governance in Creating Residential Satisfaction with a future study (Case study: Rasht city)
Introduction
Due to the expansion of cities and population growth, the study of residential satisfaction of residents to meet future needs and achieve sustainable development, has found a special place in various studies. Residential satisfaction is examined on the basis of many components and is considered as a tool for decision making and policy making. In this regard, the study of residential satisfaction in the city of Rasht as the largest and most populous city in Gilan province is important. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess the components of good urban governance in creating residential satisfaction in Rasht with a future study approach. The present study has been applied in terms of descriptive-analytical and exploratory methods. Data collection is by documentary method as well as survey based on Delphi technique . First, 35 factors were identified as effective factors in residential satisfaction in Rasht according to the components of good urban governance and in the next step, Micmac software was used to analyze the data and the type of questionnaire was a matrix of interactions and According to the opinions of experts and specialists in urban planning in Rasht. The weighting of this questionnaire is measured by pairwise comparisons and the relationship between variables and numbers between zero and three. Finally, 13 key factors were identified and 29 possible situations were considered for key factors. The Wizard Scenario Questionnaire was also designed as an interaction matrix and provided to experts. the questionnaire ranges from +3 to -3 varying. management and integrated urban planning, participation of local citizens and communities, the existence of infrastructure and mechanisms necessary for citizen intervention and cooperation with the municipality has the highest consistency value among key factors in improving the quality of the Rasht city's residential satisfaction within the framework of good urban governance.
the study of residential satisfaction of residents has been one of the most important research topics in various fields. Residential satisfaction assessment is based on many components and covers a wide range; Such as social-components, cultural-components, physical-components, service-components, and economic-components There are several main reasons for paying special attention to this issue. From the first point of view, residents' evaluation of residential environments can be considered as one of the most important criteria for measuring the achievement of goals and evaluating the success rate of any project. From the second point of view, residential satisfaction is considered as one of the important indicators of the general quality of life of individuals. Rasht is the most populous city in Gilan province. For this reason, the existence of components of good urban governance in meeting the needs of this population and housing satisfaction of people is necessary. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the components of good urban governance in creating residential satisfaction.
Materials and Methods
The present study is applied in terms of descriptive-analytical method, which in line with the basics of futures science, research on the situation of residential satisfaction in the framework of good urban governance in Rasht. In this regard, data collection in the theoretical part by documentary method and in the practical part by survey, has been based on the Delphi technique. Due to the fact that Mick Mac software and Scenario Wizard have been used to analyze the data, the type of questionnaire is in the form of a matrix of interactions and is based on the opinions of experts and specialists. To identify the key factors by Mick Mac software, after identifying the factors affecting residential satisfaction, an interaction questionnaire was designed. Its validity was conducted by experts in the form of interviews. The statistical population of the study is 20 experts and specialists (geography and urban planning of Rasht). The weighting of this questionnaire is measured by pairwise comparisons and the relationship between variables and numbers between zero and three. Then, different possible situations were considered for each of the key factors and interaction effects were designed in the form of a questionnaire. Then the questionnaire was completed by the statistical community and through the Ensemble feature in the Scenario Wizard software, the questionnaires were entered into the software.
Discussion and Results
Mick Mac software and cross-matrix analysis have been used to extract the key factors affecting residential satisfaction in Rasht within the framework of good urban governance and the output of this software (key factors) will be used as input to the Wizard scenario software. 35 factors as effective factors in residential satisfaction in Rasht in the framework of good urban governance have been identified and studied with Mick Mac software to extract the main factors affecting residential satisfaction in Rasht (in this software the effect of variables on each other from zero to three Is valued). 29 possible situations were created for 13 key factors affecting the improvement of residential satisfaction in Rasht. The scenarios provided by ScenarioWizard software were 10,000 scenarios, of which 1294 are valid and 2 scenarios are highly compatible. Of the two scenarios with high compatibility, the first scenario shows the favorable conditions and the second scenario shows the critical conditions for the future of residential satisfaction in Rasht within the framework of good urban governance. In order to improve the situation of residential satisfaction, the possible probable situation should be strengthened and the possible critical situation should be weakened.
Conclusion
According to the obtained results, the first scenario is the best progressive scenario for improving the residential satisfaction situation in Rasht within the framework of good urban governance. With the realization of this scenario, 100% of the determinants of residential satisfaction in Rasht will be achieved. All 13 key factors in this scenario are among the possible probable situations and there are no critical and static factors in this scenario. The possible situations selected in this scenario have many positive effects on the factor of improving the residential satisfaction situation in Rasht within the framework of good urban governance. The second scenario is a critical scenario that with the realization of this scenario, the situation of influential factors in the future of residential satisfaction in Rasht will reach its worst. It is better for the initial measures to be in the direction of resolving the critical situations so that the system moves towards stability and the influential factors in the first scenario have their positive impact process. Integrated urban management and planning, citizen participation and local communities, the existence of necessary infrastructure and mechanisms for citizen intervention and cooperation of non-governmental organizations with the municipality are among the highest values of compatibility related to key factors in the future of residential satisfaction in Rasht.
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