Female Managers

Purpose: In Iran, women have major challenges and are in high conflict between the elites and the rulers. In many cases, society still emphasizes the maternal role of women more than her entry into the public arena, and this is in the fundamental contradiction of the women's management system in various forums. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to present the pattern of the status of the women's management system in the sports assemblies. Methodology: This study was performed in a combined method, the first part of which is the basis of the basis and the second part was done by scrolling. The statistical sample in the first part of the 16th sportsmen and professors and senior sports managers and in a few 141 people were studied. Data analysis in three stages of coding was open, pivotal and nucleus. In the quantitative section, the model and assumptions have been tested using the navigation method. Findings: With the analysis of 16 deep interviews and the implementation of these interviews, 125 meaningful concepts and propositions are extracted, and then from these 125 concepts, 141 corresponding concepts are pulled out. The overlap and meaning of many of the corresponding concepts led the researchers using their theoretical sensitivity to introduce and explain these 141 concepts to 27 sub -categories and ultimately 27 sub -categories with ten main categories. These ten subcategories consisting of; Identity in managerial spaces, the ability to divide, overcome gender spaces, effective control, planning, networking and communication skills, field and leadership, social support for women's management, exercise management and organizational efficiency, which are more abstracted by coding. Selection, a nuclear category as "the position of the women's management system in sports assemblies in the context of overcoming gender spaces and gaining social support for women's management in the ability to divide and organizational efficiency with women's intervention and communication skills based on field strategies and leadership, program. The centrality and management of management, despite the consequences of identifying in managerial and effective control spaces in Iranian society, appear to be realized in Iran, "which can cover all other categories. Conclusion: Considering the weakness of existing theoretical models in the field of the position of women's management system in sports associations, a new approach to explaining the management system of women in sports in Iran can help the health of women's sports.

Purpose: Women studies have always been of interest to researchers. The issue of women's presence in business and management is one of the most important issues in the field of women's studies. This study sets to investigate the effect of characteristics of female managers who were either member of board or CEO on earning quality. Methodology: To this end, we collected necessary data such as financial statements from 102 Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies. The data belongs to period stretching from 20 Feb 2015 to 20 Feb 2020. To test our hypotheses, multivariate regression with panel data and also EViews software were utilized. The results show that the presence of female managers has a positive as well as meaningful effect on earning quality. Findings: Furthermore, the results of our second and third hypothesis indicate that the training skills of female managers and their experience in the board have a positive and significant relationship with the quality of companies’ earnings. Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it is recommended that women be used more in managerial positions and the existing misconceptions that have prevented skilled and experienced women from appearing should be discarded.