Core stability

Introduction: This research aimed to compare the effects of the Williams and core stability training on dynamic balance and back pain in women with chronic back pain.  Materials and Methods: In total, 45 women with chronic back pain were selected as the available sample and were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 participants, including core stability, Williams, and control. Before the beginning and the end of the training period, the dynamic balance with the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and low back pain with Québec Questionnaire was measured. To analyze the obtained data, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used in SPSS at P<0.05. Results: The present study findings revealed a significant difference in core stability and Williams training on dynamic balance and improvement in the extent of low back pain in the study participants. There was a significant difference between the training groups in dynamic balance; however, there was no significant difference in the improvement of low back pain between the experimental groups. Conclusion: To improve dynamic balance, a core stability training program is recommended, and Williams’ flexor movements are more appropriate for reducing low back pain.

Purpose:  Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease which is on the rise in recent years especially in Iran. Although there has been much progress in MS treatment, there is no definitive cure for it. Considering high prices of prescription drugs and their serious side effects as well as, impact of this illness on function efficiency of individuals, it seems that exercise training is one of the effective, cheap, and without side effects methods, in improvement of the performance of MS patients. In this regard, the present study aimed to provide comprehensive information on the background and the latest studies conducted to evaluate the effect of various exercise trainings (resistance, aerobic, core stability, Pilates, and combined) on this disease.  Methods :  An electronic search from 1994 to 2022 was performed in the Magiran, SID, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus databases to find published articles. The keywords were multiple sclerosis, physical activity, exercise, training, aerobics, resistance, combined, core stability and Pilates. Different articles were selected and reviewed according to relation with subject. Results: The results indicated that various exercise training with different duration, intensity, and frequency cause different adaptations in people. Furthermore, regular continuous combined exercise training can be more effective than one type of exercise training in improvement and reduction of the symptoms of MS disease. The mechanism of improvement in combined exercise training can be justified due to the benefits of concurrent use of two or more types of training protocols. Conclusions: It can be said that the combined use of exercise trainings is the most useful and effective method for these patients. However, more studies on the best combination of exercise trainings for MS patients should be done in the future.

Background: The functional movement screen is developed to examine individual’s movement patterns through seven functional tasks.Aim: This study was conducted to examine the effect of core muscle fatigue on functional movement screening (FMS) scores in female athletes.Materials and Methods: The study has a pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population included female athletes (18-28 years old) in Tehran with at least two years of sports experience (3 days a week), of which 40 were selected as samples. In this study, core muscle fatigue was examined using the Plank test, before and after which the subjects performed the FMS test. After ensuring the normal distribution of the data through the Shapiro-Wilk test, the effect of core muscle fatigue on the FMS test was examined using Wilcoxon and paired t-tests, and Cohen's D measure was used to evaluate the effect size. The data were analyzed through SPSS 24 software. The significance level in all tests was P≤0.05.Results: According to the results, core muscle fatigue significantly decreased the scores of the deep squat (P=0.001), hurdle step over (P=0.002), in-line lunge (P=0.001), stability push-up (P= 0.001), and rotary stability tests (P= 0.001) but did not significantly affect the scores of the shoulder mobility (P=0.317) and active straight leg raise (SLR) tests (P=0.763). Moreover, core muscle fatigue affected the total score of the FMS test (P=0.001), with the average score decreased by 4.32 after applying the fatigue protocol.Conclusion: Core muscle fatigue significantly reduced the FMS test scores with a medium to large effect size in female athletes.