فریبا رمضانی

The vast bodies of studies in the word and recently in Iran have attempted to investigate the manufacturing industry structure (indicating the level of industries in terms of monopoly or competitiveness) and its trend using the various indices and methods. Despite the importance of Lorenz Curve and Gini Coefficient in indicating the market structure, these methods, capabilities have been neglected in determining the structure of manufacture industries in Iran by the way. Therefore, this paper attempts to indicate the structure of main manufacturing industries in Iran (including manufacture of food and beverages, manufacture of textile and production of none-metallic minerals industry) using the mentioned methods. The results of this study indicate that in the intended three years and with respect to the employment, output amounts and value added indices, these industries have concentration ratio more than 0.6. This means that they enjoy from none competitive structure. Therefore and in terms of policy, the results indicate the necessity of more consideration of policies that focus on elimination of monopoly and encourage the more competitiveness in the industrial sector.

The objective of this paper is to explore the effect of financial crisis on trade flows of steel industries in the major Asian-Pacific steel producing countries. Using a static and dynamic panel data analysis, we test the hypothesis that the global financial crisis has a negative effect on Asia-Pacific bilateral steel trade flows. We also examine the role of regional trade integration in bilateral steel trade in Asia and Pacific. The underlying assumption is that such integration contributes to increase trade relations and possibly adjust the imposed costs of financial crisis on the sector. To this end, we use cross-sectional data on steel trade flows of the selected Asian-Pacific countries over a specific period (2002-2006). The study is based on an extended gravitational model, in order to incorporate the main gravity variables and qualitative factors as well. The implication of this study can be towards implementation of an integrating block of steel industry by collaborating different countries in Asia and Pacific. This creates a larger regional steel trade market, and leading possibly to reduce the global or regional crisis.

The objective of this paper is to explore the effect of financial crisis on trade flows of steel industries in the major Asian-Pacific steel producing countries. Using a static and dynamic panel data analysis, we test the hypothesis that the global financial crisis has a negative effect on Asia-Pacific bilateral steel trade flows. We also examine the role of regional trade integration in bilateral steel trade in Asia and Pacific. The underlying assumption is that such integration contributes to increase trade relations and possibly adjust the imposed costs of financial crisis on the sector. To this end, we use cross-sectional data on steel trade flows of the selected Asian-Pacific countries over a specific period (2002-2006). The study is based on an extended gravitational model, in order to incorporate the main gravity variables and qualitative factors as well. The implication of this study can be towards implementation of an integrating block of steel industry by collaborating different countries in Asia and Pacific. This creates a larger regional steel trade market, and leading possibly to reduce the global or regional crisis.

یکی از چالش های کشورهای مهاجرپذیر و مهاجرفرست، شیوه مناسبات اجتماعی مهاجران در کشورهای میزبان است که می تواند یکی از عوامل ایجاد اختلال در تنظیم روابط اجتماعی، همگرایی و انسجام میان افراد و گروه های اجتماعی در این مناطق شود. هدف پژوهش، تبیین پیآمدهای جامعه شناختی مناسبات اجتماعی ایرانیان مهاجر به کشور آلمان بوده است. روش تحقیق پیمایشی و ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات، پرسش نامه محقق ساخته بوده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش متشکل از ایرانیان مهاجر بالای ۱۸ سال ساکن در سه ایالت بادن-ورتمبرگ، نوردین وستفالن و هسن بود که به شیوه نمونه گیری خوشه ای چندمرحله ای، حجم نمونه. ۲۸۰ نفر محاسبه شده است. نتایج نشان داد میان متغیرهای طول مدت اقامت، اعتقادات دینی، تفاوت نسلی، محدودیت های تحصیلی با مناسبات گروهی ایرانیان مهاجر در آلمان رابطه معنا دار و هم بستگی وجود دارد. نتایج مدل رگرسیونی نشان داد متغیر تفاوت نسلی قدرت تبیین ۱۴ درصد، پایبندی به اعتقادات دینی ۲۲ درصد، محدودیت تحصیلی ۱۹ درصد و طول مدت اقامت ۲۹ درصد از تغییرات خطی مناسبات ایرانیان مهاجر به کشور آلمان را داشته اند ولی اعتماد اجتماعی، پذیرش هنجارهای کشور مقصد و استفاده از شبکه های اجتماعی مجازی رابطه معناداری را با مناسبات اجتماعی ایرانیان مهاجر نداشتند بنابراین فرضیه های مذکور در پژوهش حاضر تأیید نشدند.