ارزیابی ترجمه رمان وحدها شجرة الرمان با تکیه بر نظریه گرایش های ناموزون کننده از آنتوان برمن (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
آنتوان برمن مترجم، فیلسوف، مورخ و نظریه پرداز علم ترجمه، اهل فرانسه است. نظریه بررسی های واژگان خارجی برمن سعی بر نشان دادن «گرایش های ناموزون کننده» در عمل ترجمه دارد. امروزه نظریه آنتوان برمن که عمدتاً نظریه ای متن محور یا مؤلف محور است از مهم ترین نظریه های آکادمیک برای بررسی ترجمه شناخته می شود. در این جستار کوشش شد که نظریه آنتوان برمن را روی ترجمه رمان «وحدها شجره الرمان» (آن تک درخت انار) اثر سنان أنطون نویسنده عراقی و با ترجمه ستار جلیل زاده را بررسی کنیم. تمرکز نگارنده بر هفت مورد از این شاخصه های نظریه آنتوان برمن است. این شاخصه ها شامل عقلانی سازی یا منطقی سازی، شفاف سازی، آراسته سازی، تضعیف کیفی متن، تضعیف کمی متن، تخریب اصطلاحات و عبارات و اطناب هستند. در این مقاله با روشی توصیفی- تحلیلی به بررسی گرایش های ناموزون کننده در ترجمه رمان «آن تک درخت انار» پرداخته شد. نتیجه کلی تحقیق این است که تضعیف کیفی متن، تضعیف کمی، تخریب اصطلاحات، شفاف سازی، منطقی سازی بیشترین گرایش های ناموزن کننده در ترجمه هستند و اطناب و آراسته سازی کمترین بسامد گرایش های ناموزن کننده را دارند. علاوه بر این، تمایل مترجم به رفع ابهامات متن مبدأ (عربی) برای خواننده موجب شده که او گرایش های ناموزون کننده را به نفع زبان مقصد (فارسی) به کار بگیرد تا خواننده بهتر بتواند با جهان معنایی رمان ارتباط معنایی و حسی بر قرار کند.The Evaluation of the Translation of the Novel Wahadha Shagarat al-Romaan Based on the Theory of Unbalancing Tendencies by Antoine Berman
Antoine Berman is a French translator, philosopher, historian, and translation theorist. His notion of foreign vocabulary studies seeks to illustrate "skewed tendencies" in translation practices. Antoine Berman's thesis, predominantly focused on the text or the author, is acknowledged today as a significant academic framework for analyzing translation. This study aims to implement Berman's theory in the translation of the novel Wahadha Shagarat al-Romaan ("Pomegranate Tree"), written by Iraqi author Sinan Antoon and translated by Sattar Jalilzadeh. The author concentrates on seven facets of Berman's thesis. These elements encompass: rationalization, clarification, embellishment, qualitative diminishment of the text, quantitative diminishment of the text, obliteration of terminology and phrases, and redundancy. This article utilizes a descriptive-analytical approach to investigate the biased tendencies in the translation of "Only the Pomegranate Tree." The research findings reveal that qualitative weakening, quantitative weakening, term destruction, clarification, and rationalization are the most significant skewed tendencies in translation, whereas redundancy and embellishment occur with the least frequency among these tendencies. Moreover, the translator's propensity to elucidate ambiguities in the source text (Arabic) for the reader has resulted in the adoption of biased tendencies favoring the target language (Persian), enabling the reader to forge a more profound and sensory connection with the novel's world.IntroductionIn the extensive domain of global literature, translation functions as a conduit between cultures, languages, and concepts. This fragile bridge transmits not only words but also embodies the spirit and essence of the text on a difficult journey to its destination. Translation, as a cultural activity, holds a crucial responsibility: to maintain and convey meanings and concepts not only to another language but also to a distinct culture that may exhibit considerable variances from the original language and culture. This intricate and delicate process necessitates the translator's highest level of accuracy and vigilance, since even a minor error can significantly change the overall meaning of the work and result in a distortion of the text. The novel "Only the Pomegranate Tree" by the accomplished Iraqi author Sinan Antoon intricately weaves themes of existence, suffering, aspiration, and communal memory. This work, by narrating the poignant and optimistic tales of the Iraqi populace, offers an extensive depiction of the nation's social, historical, and cultural reality. Sattar Jalilzadeh's translation of this book into Persian acquaints Persian-speaking readers with the profound realm of this story. This research primarily aims to analyze how the Persian translation of "Only the Pomegranate Tree" embodies Antoine Berman's idea of skewed tendencies. This study seeks to examine the impact of translation on the essence and significance of the original work, assessing if the Persian translation has effectively transmitted all cultural, linguistic, and spiritual nuances. This book is selected for analysis because of its linguistic and cultural richness and its importance in current Iraqi literature, rendering it a pertinent subject.Furthermore, it presents contemporary and sophisticated methodologies for translation analysis, which can aid researchers and students in familiarizing themselves with novel tools and approaches for assessing and analyzing translations for their own studies.This research offers comprehensive and scientific analyses that enhance students' and translators' comprehension of the translation process, hence improving translation quality and increasing awareness of the associated problems. Furthermore, it aids in deepening the comprehension and awareness of the translation process and its effects on the transmission of culture and literature. Its objective is to enhance the cultural and literary connections between two distinct languages and civilizations, facilitating more precise and effective translations in the future.Literature ReviewAntoine Berman's theory of translation serves as a prominent and successful framework for analyzing books translated between Arabic and Persian. Significant research in this domain encompasses the Master's thesis entitled "Critique and Analysis of the Translations by Mahdieh Davoodi and Sattar Jalilzadeh of the Novel 'Habibi Daeshi' by Hajar Abd al-Samad Based on Antoine Berman's Deconstructive Theory" (1400) authored by Sougal Aghazadeh.- Hamed Poudqnejad's Master's thesis titled "Evaluation and Quality Assessment of the Persian Translation of 'The Thief and the Dog' Based on Antoine Berman's Deconstructive Tendencies" (1401). The research findings reveal that the elements of "qualitative weakening," "rationalization," and "clarification" occurred most frequently, resulting in a deviation and distortion of the translation from the source text to favor the target language.The Master's thesis titled "Translation of the Novel 'Only the Pomegranate Tree' by Sinan Antoon and Examination of Its Translation Challenges" (1402) authored by Maedeh Yazdi at Kashan University. The author emphasizes translation issues without examining them through the lens of translation theories. The work titled "Comparative Analysis of the Narrative Structure of the Novel 'Only the Pomegranate Tree' by Sinan Antoon with Greimas's Narrative Theory" (1403) is by Mohsen Yousef and collaborators. This study intends to assess Sinan Antoon's novel through a descriptive-analytical methodology grounded in Greimas's narrative theory.Consequently, a significant void exists in study that particularly investigates the translation of Sinan Antoon's novel "Only the Pomegranate Tree," translated by Sattar Jalilzadeh, through the framework of Antoine Berman's theory of skewed inclinations. This research is significant due to its focus on practical features rather than theoretical components, frequently offering recommended translations to underscore the practical importance of the idea. Research MethodologyThis study is conducted based on the theory of skewed tendencies utilizing a descriptive-analytical methodology. This study seeks to critically evaluate the quality of Sattar Jalilzadeh's translation of Sinan Antoon's novel "Only the Pomegranate Tree," employing seven components of translation analysis: rationalization, clarification, redundancy, embellishment, destruction of phrases and terms, and qualitative and quantitative weakening. These elements function as essential analytical instruments within Antoine Berman's theory of skewed tendencies, enabling a detailed and comprehensive examination of the translation process and the identification of any deviations from the original text.A meticulous line-by-line analysis of the source text of "Only the Pomegranate Tree" in conjunction with its translation can impartially evaluate the biases or divergences from the translation rules articulated in Antoine Berman's theory. This approach entails a meticulous examination of every sentence and word in the original text, juxtaposing it with the translation to precisely discern grammatical, cultural, and semantic discrepancies. These differences may encompass alterations in sentence structure, cultural connotations, and variations in the author's tone and style that arise throughout the translation process.ConclusionThe frequency of deviations from Antoine Berman's seven criteria is among the seven aspects of skewed tendencies. Qualitative Deterioration of the Text or Qualitative Deficiency: This denotes the failure of the translated text to sufficiently express the semantic, aural, and visual subtleties of the source language. It leads to a reduced quality and standard of the literary and substantive elements of the original text. This is the most prevalent distortion about skewed tendencies in the target text, and it is also the most harmful to the content and literary quality.The forthcoming rating identifies the distortions from the specified perspective as quantitative attenuation or deprivation of the text, signifying the exclusion of words or phrases from the source text in the target text. In numerous instances, the translator has eliminated phrases or sentences from the source text that may have conveyed particular meanings if they had not been omitted.The destruction of idioms and expressions denotes the insufficiency of phrases and idioms utilized in connection to the institutions of the target material, failing to accurately represent the expressions and idioms of the source text. The translator must endeavor to faithfully render the idioms from the source text. In such instances, translators typically employ two methodologies: some choose to render the phrases from the source text verbatim, irrespective of their comprehensibility in the target text, while others favor equivalence. In the latter scenario, if the new idiom becomes entrenched in the text, it can aid in preserving existing idioms.Clarification entails offering additional explanations to eliminate ambiguities in the original content. Rationalization entails the alteration of the grammatical and syntactic conventions of the source material. Redundancy and ornamentation lack a defined sequence or quantity among these four elements. These denote the infrequent skewed tendencies in the translation of the novel "Only the Pomegranate Tree," suggesting that the translator has not significantly diverged from the subject text's volume, nor compromised its clarity, and has eschewed verbosity. Conversely, the translator has demonstrated minimal propensity to embellish the source material, as the original lacks poetic nuance, with the author's emphasis on the ramifications of sectarian extremism within the backdrop of ISIS, a thematic concern.The translator's primary method has favored the target text, specifically the Persian text, over the original Arabic text. The translation prioritizes the reader over the author or the text itself.
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