بررسی پدیده گسترش مهاجرت در اتحادیه اروپا (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
مهاجرت ها دارای انواع گوناگونی هستند، ولیکن چه به شکل حرکت در مرزهای بین المللی صورت بگیرند و چه در درون مرزهای یک کشور به وقوع بپیوندند، همواره موجب پیامدهای اجتماعی، سیاسی و اقتصادی در جوامع مهاجرفرست و مهاجرپذیر می شوند. در این پژوهش که به روش توصیفی – تحلیلی صورت گرفته است، پدیده گسترش مهاجرت در اتحادیه اروپا مورد واکاوی قرار گرفته و پیامدهای جامعه شناختی و حقوقی آن مورد بحث قرار گرفته است. در بحث پیامدها و آثار مهاجرت هایی که در نوع خارجی صورت می گیرند، لازم است به یک مورد توجه ویژه صورت بگیرد. این یک مورد سنخیت نداشتن در حوزه فرهنگ مهاجران با فضایی است که به تازگی در آن قرار گرفته اند. این فضای جدید به صورت عمد ه تر موارد موجبات ناسازگاری و عدم هماهنگی آنان را فراهم می کند. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که بحران نژادپرستی جدید، بحران چند فرهنگ گرایی، تعارض بین انسان دوستی و منافع ملی، بحران مشارکت و بحران وفاداری از پیامدهای حقوقی - جامعه شناختی مهاجرت در اروپا به شمار می روند.Legal-sociological study of the phenomenon of the expansion of immigration in the European Union
Immigration, whether it occurs across national borders or within a country, has social, political and economic impacts on both the origin and destination societies. This study, which uses a descriptive-analytical method, examines the phenomenon of increased immigration in the European Union and explores its legal and sociological implications. One of the key issues that arises from the consequences of foreign immigration is the lack of cultural familiarity of the immigrants with their new environment, which often leads to their maladjustment and disharmony. The research findings indicate that the crises of new racism, multiculturalism, humanitarianism versus national interests, participation and loyalty are among the legal-sociological outcomes of immigration in Europe. Keywords: immigration, asylum, European Union, immigration laws. Introduction: Immigration means the movement of people from one place to another for work or life. This concept includes refugees, displaced persons, economic migrants and people moving for other purposes, including family reunification. Also, from the point of view of a government, an alien is a person who is not considered a citizen of that government because of having the citizenship of another state or because of not having the citizenship of any country, even though he has a physical presence in the territory of the said state. The issue of population movements has gained new and unique importance and normality in modern times. In expressing the freedom of movement, it can be said that the freedom of movement has been considered as a human right for a long time, and the classical concept of it can be considered as a turning point in human life. In recent decades, the migration of people has increased dramatically as a result of war and internal conflicts. From 2019 to 2023, the number of immigrants to European countries will increase every year. Meanwhile, the number of immigrants to European countries in 2023 has increased by 35% compared to the previous year. Whether this topic focuses on the existing challenges created by migration, or on the participation of migrants in development and poverty reduction, it seems that the inextricable link between migration, development and human rights has not been sufficiently explored. Due to the aforementioned reasons and since independent research has not examined the subject of the current research, The present research is important and necessary. Materials and methods: Germany and France have suffered the most crises in the face of a large number of immigrants in these two years. Migrations have different types, but whether they take place in the form of movement across international borders or take place within the borders of a country, they always cause social, political and economic consequences in the immigrant-sending and immigrant-receiving societies. In international law, some vulnerable groups, such as children, women, migrant workers, refugees, stateless persons, persons with disabilities, etc., have been given special protection, in the sense that a special document that specifically addresses them has been developed. In the case of forced migrants, there is no treaty specifically related to their status. Therefore, the regulations of international law in the field of forced migration should be found either in general documents that apply to this issue or in specific documents that interfere with this issue. In this research, which has been carried out using a descriptive-analytical method, the phenomenon of the expansion of immigration in the European Union has been analyzed and its sociological and legal consequences have been discussed. Discussion: General international documents, i.e. the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, make up most of the provisions of international law applicable to the si
تبلیغات
