ارائه سکوی شکل گیری نوآوری باز در کسب و کارهای خانگی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
کسب وکارهای خانگی در کنار روند جهانی شدن، رشد سریع فناوری های نوین و نفوذ بالای پدیده های نوظهوری مانند شبکه ها و رسانه های اجتماعی، ناگزیر به استفاده از ابزارهایی مانند نوآوری باز برای حفظ بقای خود و کسب مزیت رقابتی هستند. لذا، هدف پژوهش ارائه سکوی شکل گیری نوآوری باز در کسب وکارهای خانگی است. رویکرد پژوهش حاضر کیفی، از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نگاه ماهیت داده ها و روش توصیفی-تحلیلی است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق را متخصصان و خبرگان حوزه نوآوری باز و همچنین فعالان و صاحبان کسب وکارهای خانگی با حداقل سه سال سابقه کاری تشکیل می دهد. در این مطالعه با استفاده از روش گلوله برفی و مصاحبه با 14 نفر از مشارکت کنندگان اشباع نظری حاصل و از روش تحلیل مضمون برای تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها استفاده شده است. پس از تحلیل مضمون و کدگذاری مصاحبه ها، عوامل اثرگذار بر به کارگیری، اجرا و پیاده سازی نوآوری باز در کسب وکارهای خانگی در قالب 50 مضمون پایه، شش مضمون سازمان دهنده و سه مضمون فراگیر «بازآفرینی فراگیر»، «ظرفیت سازی جریان دانشی» و «مزیت آفرینی فنی و دانشی» شناسایی و برچسب گذاری شد. مطابق یافته های این طرح در فرایند نوآوری باز مشارکت با بازیگران اصلی کسب وکارهای خانگی مانند کارآفرینان، مشتریان، رقبا، تأمین کنندگان و دانشگاه ها در کنار حمایت از صاحبان ایده و حفظ مالکیت فکری و معنوی بسیار مؤثر است. همچنین تأکید بر کار گروهی در کنار تمرکز بر تجربه مشتری، توسعه فرهنگ کارآفرینی و نوآوری، اشتراک گذاری دانش و میزان تداوم استفاده از ظرفیت های فضای مجازی می تواند ابزار مناسبی برای اجرای موفق نوآوری باز در کسب وکارهای خانگی باشد.Presenting a platform for implementing open innovation in family businesses
IntroductionDespite the great importance of family businesses in generating wealth and sustainable employment, however, these types of businesses need new approaches and tools to survive in the current business environment, which is associated with particular complexity and dynamics. This new approach is called "open innovation" as a new paradigm. Open innovation is also defined as the use of internal and external knowledge to accelerate the company's internal innovation. Nowadays, along with the trend of globalization, the rapid growth of new technologies and the high influence of emerging phenomena such as networks and social media, home businesses are forced to use new tools such as open innovation to maintain their survival and gain a competitive advantage. In this regard, the main goal of the current research is to provide a framework for the formation of open innovation in home businesses. Methodology Despite the great importance of home-based businesses in generating wealth and sustainable employment, however, these types of businesses need new approaches and tools to survive in the current business environment, which is associated with particular complexity and dynamics. This new approach is called "open innovation" as a new paradigm. Open innovation is also defined as the use of internal and external knowledge to accelerate the company's internal innovation. Nowadays, along with the trend of globalization, the rapid growth of new technologies and the high influence of emerging phenomena such as networks and social media, home businesses are forced to use new tools such as open innovation to maintain their survival and gain a competitive advantage. In this regard, the main goal of the current research is to provide a framework for the formation of open innovation in home businesses.Results and Discussion After analyzing the themes and coding the interviews, the influencing factors on the implementation of open innovation in home businesses in the form of 50 basic themes, six organizing themes and three global themes "inclusive innovation", "knowledge flow capacity building" and "technical and knowledge advantage creation" were identified and tagged. Comprehensive re-creation is said to integrate and reconstruct the internal and external relations of a business unit in order to achieve cooperation and synergy. This theme has two dimensions "exogenous participation and coordination" and "endogenous cooperation and interactions" in the field of home businesses. The capacity building of the knowledge flow refers to the creation of individual capabilities and the cultural background needed for the development of knowledge, innovation and their application, which is made of two themes "development of individual capabilities" and "knowledge-oriented culture creation". In order to complete the comprehensive regeneration cycle, it is very important to pay attention to "creating technical and knowledge advantages". Technical and knowledge advantage creation refers to how knowledge and technology are managed with the aim of creating, sharing and applying knowledge and technology in the business complex. The creation of technical and knowledge advantage is the emphasis on "technological capability measurement" and "knowledge co-creation" that can empower home businesses in the formation of innovation.Conclusion According to the findings, in the process of open innovation, participation with the main actors of family businesses such as entrepreneurs, customers, competitors, suppliers, universities is very effective in supporting the owners of ideas and maintaining intellectual and intellectual property. In addition, emphasis on teamwork along with focusing on customer experience, development of entrepreneurial and innovation culture, knowledge sharing and continuous use of virtual space capacities can be a suitable tool for the successful implementation of open innovation in home businesses. Creating culture is defined as the rules and behavior that guide the behavior of employees and business owners; Therefore, it is very important to create a culture that fits the characteristics of each business because it affects the requirements for success. These requirements include customer service, efficiency, innovation, product reliability and quality. Another effective tool in the formation of open innovation in home businesses is paying attention to the category of knowledge-oriented culture. In this regard, the development of the culture of innovation and entrepreneurship along with the development of institutions that help produce innovation and creativity such as science and technology parks and incubators along with material and non-material support from the government can provide the main basis for the successful entry of home businesses into the field of open innovation. It is practically not possible to be present in emerging markets without paying attention to flexibility and innovative mentality along with risk acceptance. In this regard, home businesses can facilitate the process of attracting and supporting idea owners by developing factors that can increase risk acceptance and make the business environment suitable, and thus improve the capacity of forming open innovation in their businesses.
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