مدل مفهومی سیاستگذاری در دولت اسلامی با تحلیل محتوای خطبه سوم از کتاب «تمام نهج البلاغه» (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
سیاستگذاری به عنوان یکی از مؤلفه های عمده ی دولت اسلامی، بخشی از نقشه ی راه تحقق تمدن اسلامی است. ازآنجایی که حاکمیت دینی، ماهیت متفاوتی در رویکردها و اهداف با سایر شیوه های حکمرانی دارد، انتظار می رود که دارای مدل مفهومی سیاستگذاری متفاوتی باشد. کتاب تمام نهج البلاغه به عنوان بازتاب دهنده ی افکار یکی از شاخص ترین حاکمان دین الهی در طول تاریخ است که زمینه ی مناسبی را برای ارائه ی محتوایی دقیق دراین باره فراهم کرده است. هدف از این مقاله، پاسخ به این سؤال است که مدل مفهومی سیاستگذاری در دولت اسلامی دارای چه مؤلفه هایی است؟ این پژوهش با روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی و کمّی به بررسی خطبه سوم «تمام نهج البلاغه» که دربرگیرنده ی مؤلفه ها و مطالب مهمی دراین باره است سامان یافته است. یافته های پژوهش نشان داد که چندین حوزه ی سیاستی مانند اقتصادی و امنیتی در این خطبه مورداشاره قرارگرفته است و در میان آنها به لحاظ کمی، سیاست های دینی و فرهنگی بالاترین فراوانی را دارد و سیاست های رسانه ای پشتوانه ی اعلام، اجرا و اصلاح سیاست ها بوده است.The conceptual model of policy making in Islamic state with the analysis of the third sermon from the book Tammam Nahj al-Balaghah
Purpose: The purpose of this research is to answer the question of what conceptual model and what components does policymaking in Islamic state have, based on the analysis of the content of the third sermon "Tamam Nahj al-Balaghah"?.
Methodology: This research was conducted with the qualitative and quantitative content analysis method in order to examine the third sermon from the book "Tamam Nahj al-Balaghah" which includes important components and materials in this field. In this way, the text is intersected based on the governance approach and labeled using Microsoft Excel software. Some of the tags were Classification of the audience, historical background, main and secondary topic, stage of the governance process, policy-making stage, governance areas and the components of each of them. Finally, the research data was processed, categorized and quantified.
Findings: The research findings can be summarized in several points.
Using the method of content analysis to organize the qualitative and quantitative data obtained from the textual research in religious sources with different approaches provides great help to religious research. In this research, by using this method, a policy model for the Islamic state is presented.
From the third sermon of the book "Tamam Nahj al-Balaghah”, a policy model can be extracted in various areas of governance in most of its levels, such as paradigms, goals and strategies. Considering the important place of policy-making among the components of governance, the extracted policy-making model can facilitate the design of the comprehensive model of the Islamic state. In this model, both the theoretical background of some goals of religious governance and the strategies to achieve those goals were defined.
All sectoral policies should be adopted according to general policies. These policies have paradigms such as preserving the essence of religion, theism, the legitimacy of rulers and the priority of maintaining social unity and cohesion. These policies include the institutions of the wilayah, education and family, and one of its strategies is to pay attention to the process of trusting God in all matters.
Among the sectoral policies, the cases related to cultural policies were more frequently in the whole sermon than other cases. This is a proof of the importance of religion and culture in Alavi governance, especially in the critical situation after the Safin war. The priority of national unity over religious and cultural reforms and anti-value of racism and ethnicism in family relations were among the paradigms of cultural policy. Strengthening the historical memory of the society and valuing the practical reason and natural understanding of human beings have been examples of cultural strategies in this category of Alavi governance policies.
Among the components of economic policies, there are paradigms such as the priority of national security and cohesion over economic justice and receiving taxes based on actual earned income. Allocating land to individuals and families for development, agriculture and settlement has been one of the strategies considered by the economic governance of Imam Ali (AS).
Among the strategies of media policy, we can mention things like persuading the audience with non-Islamic arguments, providing accurate and timely information, and expressing the various achievements of Islamic governance.
Conclusion: As the main actor in governance, Imam Ali (A.S) planned the required policies according to the current situation of the society and according to the foundations of the school of Islam. According to the reception or turning away of the people, those policies should be implemented to varying degrees of strength in order to maximize progress towards the desired society in Islamic civilization. At the same time, the media arm supports the implementation, announcement and modification of policies. The models related to this type of activity drawn in the text of the research.
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