ارائه مدل مفهومی با تأکید بر مؤلفه های اثربخش در هویت نماهای شهری بر اساس روش فراترکیب (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
نما در فرهنگ معماری معاصر ایران جایگاه مشخصی ندارد و تابع نظرات اعمال شده از سوی کارفرما، طراح و شهرداری در تغییر است. همچنین باوجود خلاءهای پژوهشی مشهود درزمینه بیان مؤلفه ها، عوامل، ابعاد و معیارهای هویت نماهای شهری و مفاهیم مرتبط با آن، موجب شده است تا هدف این پژوهش در راستای تبیین چارچوب برای بیان مؤلفه های اثربخش بر هویت نماهای شهری پیش برده شود. این پژوهش کاربردی و ازنظر نحوه گردآوری داده ها، از نوع پژوهش های اسنادی– فراترکیب به شمار می رود. برای شناسایی الگوی مؤلفه های اثربخش هویت نماهای شهری، تعداد 179 مقاله بررسی شده از میان آن ها 58 مقاله به کمک برنامه مهارت های ارزیابی حیاتی، برای تحلیل نهایی انتخاب شدند. در این پژوهش، ابتدا 123 شاخص معرف هویت نماهای شهری شناسایی و در 7 مفهوم و 1 مقوله طبقه بندی شدند. بر اساس یافته های تحقیق؛ ابعاد، مؤلفه ها، معیارها و عوامل مفاهیم؛ هویت مکانی، هویت، هویت شهری، سیما شهری، منظر شهری، منظر معماری و نما بیان شده است.Presenting a Conceptual Model with an Emphasis on Effective Components in the Identity of Urban Facades based on Metacomposition Method*
Every day, we face architectural designs in buildings, especially in their facades, which are done without considering various factors. The facade plays the most significant role in daily life and can be regarded as one of the most important issue. The components of buildings in urban spaces are said to have a heavy duty in giving identity or reflecting the essence of every society. There is no doubt about the anonymity of today's facades and to they give identity to architecture and urban planning. Spaces, first of all, efforts should be made to improve the quality of their views. The facade of the buildings creates a common visual field with all the people of the city, which the people of the municipality observe every day. Moreover, if this ordinary square has a correct and balanced composition, it will have many effects on the members of the city. The facade does not have a special place in the Iranian contemporary architectural culture, it changes into different shapes and images. That employer users, designers and municipality rules created it. The subject of urban appearance, the dominant face of the city and containing the first messages in the vision of citizens, has been the topic of urban planning discussion, especially since the last half century AD. Due to its close relationship with the category of identity and characteristics of the city, its recognition is complicated, and with the beginning of the modern era and the application of unconventional management based on urban planning law, it gained wide dimensions. A society designed and implemented apart from its culture, tradition and identity is a prelude to its destruction. In our cities, there is no common language between views. They need a familiar culture to express themselves. They use different materials and follow different styles. Every facade in the city is a sign of the economic and social status of the builder and his way of thinking and attitude towards various issues. The dimensions and identity criteria of urban facades are not stated. Therefore, the general goal of the current research is to explain the framework of the components affecting the identity of urban facades. The purpose of this research is to explain the framework for expressing the effective components of the identity of urban facades. This research is applied, and in terms of data collection, it is considered to be a meta-synthesis type of document. In order to identify the pattern of the practical components of the identity of urban views, a number of 179 articles were examined, from which 58 articles were selected for the final analysis with the help of the critical evaluation skills program. In this research, first, 123 indicators representing the identity of urban facades were identified and classified into seven concepts and one category. Based on these research findings, dimensions, components, criteria and factors of ideas, spatial identity, identity, urban identity, urban landscape, urban landscape, architectural landscape and facade are expressed.
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