Blockchain adoption

This study was designed to explain the Blockchain acceptance indices in Iran's financial markets aimed at identifying different angles for the implementation of Blockchains. The Blockchain acceptance indices were extracted in 4 levels, 12 variables, and 53 indices of related research literature in the field of e-commerce and mobile banking. To validate the research indicators, the Fuzzy Delphi technique was used to refine the indices in addition to the documentary study. The survey was conducted in three stages and the results of each stage were refined. Based on data analysis, 39 indicators were confirmed. The results of this study can provide useful insights for researchers and policymakers of Iran’s financial markets to understand the prerequisites and effects of the Blockchain implementation on financial markets, and thereby, they would be able to change business models to take advantage of Blockchain capabilities in the infrastructure of Iran’s financial markets by considering different aspects.

This study aims to identify and rank the key barriers hindering the adoption of Blockchain technology in the tourism industry, given its transformative potential and strategic relevance. The research utilized a mixed-method approach. First, barriers were identified through a comprehensive literature review and expert interviews. A sample of 22 experts in Blockchain and tourism was selected, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) technique was employed to prioritize the barriers, and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was used to analyze the causal relationships among them. The study identified 11 critical barriers to Blockchain adoption in tourism. Among these, "lack of knowledge, expertise, and human capital", "lack of standardization", "absence of government regulations", and "inadequate employee training and customer awareness" emerged as the most significant. Furthermore, "resistance to change and non-acceptance by companies" was found to have the highest level of interaction with other barriers, indicating its central role in the adoption process. This research contributes to the limited body of knowledge on Blockchain implementation in tourism by offering a systematic prioritization and relational mapping of adoption barriers. The findings provide strategic insights for policymakers, tourism stakeholders, and technology developers aiming to facilitate Blockchain integration in this sector.