reformulation

Given that reformulation is an integral component of scientific texts in which the explanation of terms and ideas is prevalent (Candel, 1984; Thoiron & Bejoint, 1991), this study aims at examining the form, frequency, and function of reformulation markers in three sub-corpora, namely, L1 English, L2 English, and L1 Persian research articles of psychology. The study is based on a corpus of 60 research articles amounting to a total size of 1,105,433 words. Drawing on the list of reformulation markers provided in Hyland (2005) in the case of English sub-corpora and a list of Persian reformulation markers prepared by three experts in the Persian language, we searched the corpus automatically for all the instances of reformulation markers. In the next step, all the instances were examined in their textual context in order to identify their function. The results indicated that L1 English sub-corpus contains the highest frequency of reformulation markers followed by L2 English and finally L1 Persian. There were also differences with regard to forms and functions, as well as parenthetical uses of reformulation markers across the three sub-corpora, specifically between L1 English and L1 Persian, suggesting the existence of intercultural variation in the use of reformulation. Besides, Iranian researchers writing in L2 English tend to adapt their writing style to the norms and conventions of English at least as far as reformulation is concerned. The study concludes with some implications for EAP writing and teaching.

Parce qu’il est une œuvre qui « exclut l’unitextualité », Jacques le fataliste et son maître est un roman parodique, un roman qui, au cours de sa genèse, mentionne, explicitement ou implicitement, d’autres romans. Bien évidemment, le long de son fonctionnement, la parodie est une sorte de reformulation qui dévalorise, pour des raisons bien déterminées, un texte dont elle imite la structure ou la forme. Pour un lecteur avisé, le lien de ce roman de Diderot avec d’autres textes, tels que le roman picaresque, le roman sentimental, le roman pastoral, le roman exotique, Don Quichotte, Tristram Shandy, etc., est facile à repérer, mais demande à être étudié davantage, comme étant un aspect précis de la reformulation paridique, pour en préciser le fonctionnement et les enjeux. L’objectif de cet article consiste, en fait, à étudier le processus de la reformulation ironique dans ce roman de Diderot et d’en préciser les objectifs.