مطالب مرتبط با کلیدواژه

Research Article


۱.

Research Article Introductions: Sub-disciplinary Variations in Applied Linguistics(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: آموزش مهارت های زبان (JTLS) تابستان ۱۳۸۹ شماره ۲ (پیاپی ۶۰)

کلیدواژه‌ها: Discourse analysis Research Article Introduction English for Specific Academic Purposes Subdiscipline

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۳۲۷ تعداد دانلود : ۶۵۱
The present study aimed to investigate the generic organization of research article introductions in local Iranian and international journals in English for Specific Purposes, English for General Purposes, and Discourse Analysis. Overall, 120 published articles were selected from the established journals representing the above subdisciplines. Each subdiscipline was represented by 20 local and 20 international articles. Following Swales’ (2004) new Create A Research Space (CARS) model, the researcher analyzed the articles for their specific generic patterns. Findings demonstrated that despite some consistency in the international corpus, there emerged marked differences in utilizing second and third moves in international articles. Also, intra-subdisciplinary analysis revealed divergent generic organization in EGP and DA in local and international data. Results suggested insufficient awareness of some Iranian RA writers regarding the generic structure of introduction. The findings of the study have implications for RA writers to improve their RA introductions.
۲.

A Comparison of Thematic Choices and Thematic Progression Patterns in the Research Articles of Well-established and Emerging Disciplines(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL) Vol. ۱۹, No. ۲, September ۲۰۱۶

کلیدواژه‌ها: Research Article Thematicity Thematic progression (TP) (RA) Well-established disciplines Emerging disciplines

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Several studies have employed the theme-rheme construct to examine the generic profile of research articles (RAs). However, they have mostly focused on the subject matter and nature of disciplines, and other disciplinary characteristics as contextual factors which can impact the genre realization have not been considered in the discourse analysis research. This work, therefore, investigates thematic choices and thematic progression patterns in the RA in relation to the status of disciplines as well-established or emerging fields. To this end, a corpus of 240 RAs of mechanical engineering, biomedical engineering, horticulture, and environmental science were analyzed using Halliday’s (1994) framework of thematicity and McCabe’s (1999) model of thematic progression (TP). The results showed significant differences in the distributions of unmarked and marked themes as well as the patterns of thematic progression between the well-established and emerging disciplines. Based on the findings of this study, we suggest further consideration of the status of disciplines in discourse studies which can serve disciplinary research and contribute to the body of research on science.
۳.

Grammatical Subject in Results and Discussion Section of Research Articles: Disciplinary Variations(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۳۷, Issue ۱, Spring ۲۰۱۸ 97 - 125

کلیدواژه‌ها: Research Article results and discussion discourse function grammatical subject disciplinary study Genre

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Frequencies and discourse functions of grammatical subject types were investigated in a corpus of forty results and discussion sections selected from four disciplines (Applied Linguistics, Psychology, Chemistry, and Environmental Engineering). The results and discussion sections were selected from research articles that were published in 2008-2012 issues of prestigious high journals of the four disciplines. The results and discussion sections were analyzed for realizations and discourse functions of grammatical subject types adopting the taxonomy suggested by Ebrahimi (2014). The results suggested that the selections, frequencies and discourse functions of grammatical subject types were highly imposed by the macro functions of the results and discussion sections and the conventional rules of writing in the disciplines. One immediate implication for the outcome of this study is that writers and instructors need to keep in mind that they must be fully aware (and follow suit) of how the implementation of grammatical subjects are imposed and restricted by disciplinary conventions.
۴.

Exploring Phrasal Complexity Features in Graduate Students’ Data Commentaries and Research Articles(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۴, Fall & Winter ۲۰۱۹ 115-153

کلیدواژه‌ها: Phrasal Complexity Features (Pre/post) modifiers Data commentary Research Article academic writing

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۶۱ تعداد دانلود : ۶۷۵
The present study aimed at exploring phrasal complexity features in data commentaries produced by graduate students and in research articles written by expert writers. To this end, 25 empirical RAs in the field of Applied Linguistics and 158 data commentaries generated by graduate students of English Language Teaching were comparatively examined. The results revealed that students approximated expert writers in terms of producing two linguistic features (i.e., N+N structures and nominalizations). However, they differed significantly from expert writers in generating four linguistic elements (i.e., attributive adjectives, appositive structures, of -genitives, and PPs as noun post-modifiers). The results also revealed that expert writers’ texts comprise varied presence of exceedingly complex patterns of pre-modification, triple/quadruple/quintuple (pre)modification, a hybrid of novel appositive structures, and multiword hyphenated adjectives. Conversely, graduate students’ language could be characterized by less variety, single/dual (pre)modification, a far less extensive range of noun-participle compounds functioning as nominal pre-modifiers, linguistically limited complex modifications, and minimally multifarious patterns of use associated with N+N formulations. Overall, the findings can give fresh insights into the needs of the L2 student writers in developing an academic text.
۵.

Citation Behaviours of Applied Linguists in Discussion Sections of Research Articles(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۷ , N. ۲ , ۲۰۱۸ 215 - 236

کلیدواژه‌ها: Applied linguistics Citation Discussion Section Research Article

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It is now generally accepted that academic writing is a social activity by which the authors negotiate with their audience to gain community acceptance for their findings. One of the ways to achieve such an acceptance is by establishing intertextual links to prior research using citation. Despite a vast research on the topic and suggestion of typologies for the form and function of citation in academic writing, few studies have focused on the rhetorical functions of citations. Using Swales' (1990) and Samraj’s (2013) typologies and analyzing 45 research articles from five high impact factor journals in the field of Applied Linguistics, this paper aims to identity the forms and rhetorical functions of citations in the Discussion sections of these articles. The analysis of the forms shows an overwhelming tendency towards using non-integral citations. Studying the functions of citations indicates that citations are used with various rhetorical functions: to compare the findings; support the explanations; to support the interpretations; and to support the recommendations. It is concluded that by referring to literature, applied linguists contextualize their propositions and try to use it as a support for their research claims in order to persuade their audience of their research outcomes soundness. The findings can enhance our understanding of the reasons behind choosing citations in various parts of discussion section and can be turned into pedagogical materials and raise rhetorical consciousness through teaching those choices explicitly to ESL students
۶.

The Differential Use of Reformulation Markers in Three Sub-corpora: L1 English, L2 English, and L1 Persian(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۴۰, Issue ۱, Winter ۲۰۲۱ 1 - 32

کلیدواژه‌ها: reformulation Contrastive rhetoric psychology Genre Analysis Research Article

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Given that reformulation is an integral component of scientific texts in which the explanation of terms and ideas is prevalent (Candel, 1984; Thoiron & Bejoint, 1991), this study aims at examining the form, frequency, and function of reformulation markers in three sub-corpora, namely, L1 English, L2 English, and L1 Persian research articles of psychology. The study is based on a corpus of 60 research articles amounting to a total size of 1,105,433 words. Drawing on the list of reformulation markers provided in Hyland (2005) in the case of English sub-corpora and a list of Persian reformulation markers prepared by three experts in the Persian language, we searched the corpus automatically for all the instances of reformulation markers. In the next step, all the instances were examined in their textual context in order to identify their function. The results indicated that L1 English sub-corpus contains the highest frequency of reformulation markers followed by L2 English and finally L1 Persian. There were also differences with regard to forms and functions, as well as parenthetical uses of reformulation markers across the three sub-corpora, specifically between L1 English and L1 Persian, suggesting the existence of intercultural variation in the use of reformulation. Besides, Iranian researchers writing in L2 English tend to adapt their writing style to the norms and conventions of English at least as far as reformulation is concerned. The study concludes with some implications for EAP writing and teaching.
۷.

Intercultural Study of Move Recycling in Discussion Sections of Soft Science Research Articles(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۳, No.۲۷, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۰ 171 - 191

کلیدواژه‌ها: cultural variation disciplinary variation Discussion Section move recycling Research Article

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تعداد بازدید : ۶۸۶ تعداد دانلود : ۳۵۲
The present study aimed to investigate whether Reports on the results and Comments on the results moves’ recycling in the Research Article (RA) Discussion sections is affected by cultural/disciplinary variations. To this end, 600 empirical RAs in six Soft Science disciplines, including Economics, Sociology, Applied Linguistics, Linguistics, Management, and Psychology, with an equal number in each discipline and culture, published in the period from 2006 to 2018 were selected. Weissberg and Buker’s (1990) move model was used as a starting point to analyze the RAs. First, the Reports on the results and Comments on the results moves were identified in the Results sections. The Chi-Square test was then used to calculate and compare the frequency of their recycling in the Discussion sections across cultures and disciplines. The data analysis results revealed that changes in the disciplines or sociocultural settings do not result in variations in recycling the two moves under study. Given that the current study provides a relatively new framework for scrutinizing scientific discourse, it may promise certain pedagogical implications for native and non-native students in Soft Science disciplines, researchers, English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Specific Purposes (ESP) instructors, and course designers.
۸.

Academic Writing Courses in Applied Linguistics Master's Programs Through Student-instructor Lenses: Avenues for Improvement(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Teaching Language Skills (JTLS), Volume ۴۰, Issue ۴, fall ۲۰۲۱ 1 - 33

کلیدواژه‌ها: academic writing genre literacy Needs perspectives Research Article status quo

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تعداد بازدید : ۴۸۰ تعداد دانلود : ۲۴۳
The importance of incorporating graduate students' needs into academic writing courses has established a good reputation in EAP/ESP research. In addition, writing and publishing research articles (RA) is a universally established benchmark for students' academic flourish. The present study examines the status quo of academic writing courses in graduate programs to determine the extent academic writing needs of Applied Linguistics students, mainly RA writing needs, are addressed and practiced in the course. Drawing insights from the literature on academic writing, we developed two similar interview protocols for graduate students and course instructors to capture these key stakeholders' retrospective views on the course. We found that the course mainly focuses on proposal/thesis writing, not regarded as a critical need based on students' perspectives. Moreover, both students and instructors echoed the importance of RA writing as a significant area to be covered while emphasizing the need to integrate RA genre literacy into classroom practices. In this paper, we call for the reconsideration of students' primary needs in designing and running graduate writing programs and suggest that RA writing with a genre-based orientation become an instrumental component of academic writing courses in English as an Additional Language context (EAL).
۹.

Metadiscursive Features in Research Articles: The Role of Stimulated Recall(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: English Language Teaching and Learning. No. ۲۹, Spring & summer ۲۰۲۲ 245 - 263

کلیدواژه‌ها: Metadiscourse Markers Research Article Stimulated Recall

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While metadiscourse has been extensively examined across several genres, contexts of publication, disciplines, and languages over the past two decades, researchers have mainly limited themselves to the qualitative checking of candidate metadiscourse markers for the various functions they serve. In the present study, however, we drew on retrospective methods coupled with semi-structured interviews to gain a deeper understanding of metadiscourse features applied linguistics apprentice and professional authors use in their research articles (RAs) in national and international English-medium journals. To achieve this goal, we built on Hyland’s (2019) interpersonal metadiscourse model to analyse RAs in three subsections including introductions, results, and discussion. We ran chi-square tests to examine the RA variations, following the descriptive analysis of the use of metadiscourse markers. A follow-up stimulated recall through semi-structured e-mail interviews was used. We used MAXQDA to analyse the interview data from authors. The results of qualitative and thematic analyses showed that metadiscourse markers play key roles in conveying the writers’ message and intention to the members of discourse communities. The findings of the study suggest raising apprentice writers’ awareness of the way they frame their message in research writing
۱۰.

Seeking Persuasion: Building Argumentation Metadiscursively(مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)

نویسنده:
منبع: Applied Research on English Language, V. ۱۲ , N. ۴ , ۲۰۲۳ 149 - 166

کلیدواژه‌ها: argumentation Metadiscourse Cooperative Principle Research Article academic writing

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Toulmin's (1958) model of argumentation and Abdi et al.'s (2010) model of metadiscourse, mapped onto Grice's (1975) Cooperative Principle, are both attempts to elaborate on the process and contribute to the goal of obtaining persuasion. This study is an attempt to integrate the use of metadiscursive and argument strategies to provide a common logical rationale for their employment. Through a qualitative investigation of 40 ELT research articles (RAs), we propose a convergent framework for employing CP-based metadiscourse and argumentation model in RA arguments. As a result, endophoric markers were identified to be used as warrants to meet quantity, while transitions, frame markers, and code glosses were found to be employed as conclusions and data to fulfill manner. Furthermore, evidentials were found to be employed in conclusion, backing, and warrant; hedges were seen to be used as qualifiers; and finally, disclaimers were recognized to be employed in rebuttals; to meet quality. The findings reveal that argumentations are built metadiscursively which has implications for writers and educators. For writers, it could help to develop a deeper understanding of the positive role of metadiscursive strategies in RA arguments and as such could guide a more efficient employment of it to facilitate persuasion. For educators, the findings could provide a model for building and ensuring basic logical and rhetorical characteristics of an argument in academic writing. 
۱۱.

Exploring Sub-Disciplinary Variations and Generic Structure of Applied Linguistics Research Article Introductions Using CARS Model(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۲, No. ۵, fall ۲۰۰۹ 26 - 51

کلیدواژه‌ها: Research Article Genre Analysis Applied linguistics moves Sub-moves CARS model Introduction

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۴ تعداد دانلود : ۱۲
This paper explores sub-disciplinary variations and generic structure of research article introductions (RAIs) within three sub-disciplines of applied linguistics (AL); namely, English for Specific Purposes (ESP), Psycholinguistics, and Sociolinguistics, using Swales’(1990) CARS model. The corpus consisted of 90 RAIs drawn from a wide range of refereed journals in the corresponding sub-disciplines. The results indicate sub-disciplinary variation in the structure of this genre in terms of Move 2 / step 1B that can be justified through the concepts of ‘established’ versus ‘emerging’ fields. The findings underline the need for further in-depth research into sub-disciplinary variation and generic structure of RAIs. The results also promise pedagogical implications for ESP/EAP practitioners, course administrators as well as material developers.
۱۲.

A Comparative Study of Metadiscourse in Academic Writing: Male vs. Female Authors of Research Articles in Applied Linguistics(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۵, No. ۱۰, Spring ۲۰۱۲ 87 - 113

کلیدواژه‌ها: Discourse Gender Metadiscourse academic writing Research Article

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Like conversation and other modes of communication, writing is a rich medium for gender performance. In fact, writing functions to construct the disciplines as well as the gender of its practitioners. Despite the significance of author gender, as one constitutive dimension of any writing, it has been relatively under-researched. One way, by means of which author gender is practiced, and revealed in written discourse, is the incorporation and use of metadiscoursal categories. Examining 20 applied linguistics research articles (10 written by native male English writers and 10 written by native female English writers), the present study sought to examine whether male and female native English writers differed in their use of metadiscoursal elements. For this purpose, Hyland’s (2005) model of metadiscourse was employed as an analytical framework to identify the type of metadiscoursal elements. The results of Independent samples t-test showed that English male and female writers did not differ significantly in their overall use of metadiscourse; but, significant differences were observed in categorical distribution of metadiscoursal elements. The findings of the study can provide a sound basis for the development of pedagogical materials.
۱۳.

A Contrastive Investigation of Intertextuality in Research Articles Authored by Iranian vs. English Writers in Applied Linguistics(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol. ۶, No. ۱۳, fall ۲۰۱۳ 105 - 124

کلیدواژه‌ها: intertextuality Research Article Applied linguistics

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۷ تعداد دانلود : ۱۷
Academic discourse enables others' voices in a text to be realized through conventionalized citational patterns. However, form amongst a variety of factors, one thing which may influence the way others' voices are textualized is writers' affiliations to different cultures. Following this assumption, the present contrastive study attempted to explore manifest intertextual constructions across the academic articles written by English and Iranian writers in the field of applied linguistics in a ten-year period (2000-2010). The typology of citation elaborated by Swales (1990), and subcategorized by Thompson and Tribble (2001) and Thompson (2005) were explored as the analytical framework of this study. The analysis demonstrated the dominance of different strategies of citations in the two corpora. The findings of this research may be helpful for novice writers and researchers in applied linguistics.
۱۴.

An Investigation of the Generic Features of Research Articles Published in the Bulletin of Iranian Mathematical Society(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Vol.۸, No.۱۶, Spring ۲۰۱۵ 110 - 137

کلیدواژه‌ها: Genre Research Article mathematics Generic Features

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۶ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱
In light of the understanding that the analysis of the generic features of different academic genres can enhance the ability of non-native members of academic discourse communities to understand, and where appropriate, to produce them, the present study aimed at investigating the dominant generic structure of research articles in mathematics. To start with a relatively narrow focus, a corpus of thirty mathematics research articles were randomly selected from The Bulletin of the Iranian Mathematical Society(BIMS), and were analyzed in terms of their macro-organizational structure. An eleven-move structure was identified in the analyzed corpus, while it was also found that the research articles in the corpus did not follow the conventional Introduction-Methods-Results-Discussion structure found in many other disciplines. Methods and Discussion sections which are frequently encountered in research articles of many other disciplines were missing in the analyzed articles. It is argued that the findings may have theoretical implications in revealing some discipline specific conventions of organizing macro structure. Since all the authors were Iranian, the emerging model should be treated cautiously because some aspects of the emerging macro structure may also be under the influence of culture specific conventions.
۱۵.

Nominalization in Applied Linguistics and Medical Research Articles: Comparing Native and Non-native Academic Writers(مقاله پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد)

نویسنده:
منبع: The Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice, Vol.۱۷, No.۳۵, Fall & Winter ۲۰۲۴ 29 - 55

کلیدواژه‌ها: Nominalization grammatical metaphor Systemic functional linguistics academic discourse Research Article Native Academic Writers Non-native Academic Writers

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تعداد بازدید : ۱۳ تعداد دانلود : ۱۱
Given the unquestionable significance of academic discourse in knowledge sharing, the present study investigates research articles published in high-ranked journals in two disciplines of Applied Linguistics and Medical Sciences. Considering the fact that abstract sections in a research article are factual representations of the details of the paper, they are of great importance. Moreover, academic writers attempt to publish more valued and engaging articles using numerous writing norms, a well-known way of which is Nominalization. The study follows genre analysis design and includes a corpus of 30 research articles in Applied Linguistics and 30 articles in medical sciences, half by natives and half by non-natives published between 2015 and 2024. Meticulous analysis and article-to-article comparison indicated higher frequency of verbal nominalization in all sets of articles and no statistically significant difference between native and non-native academic writers in both fields. However, there was a considerable difference between the deployment of nominalization between the academic writers in applied linguistics and medical sciences, the former outperforming the latter group. It is believed that the results of this study will help English for Specific- and for Academic Purposes practitioners in the inclusion of more writing instruction practices in their curriculum.