مطالب

Cardiovascular diseases are regarded as one of the most disabling diseases of human beings around the world, particularly when psychological characteristics are taken into consideration. This study compared attachment styles, problem solving styles and sensitivity anxiety in cardiovascular diseases patients and normal Individuals. A total of 40 participants (20 diseased, 20 normal) were selected thought random cluster sampling procedure from among a population of cardiovascular diseases in the city of Ardabil. Data were collected using the attachment styles inventory (AAI), problem-solving styles questionnaire (PSSQ) and the anxiety sensitivity index (ASI); moreover, multivariate analysis of variance used for data analysis. These finding implied that among attachment styles, problem solving and sensitivity anxiety there existed differences in cardiovascular diseases patients and non-patients. Results showed that cardiovascular diseases patients used higher avoidance and ambivalence attachment than non-patients. Result also revealed that non-patients used higher safety attachment than cardiovascular disease patients and patients employed avoidant attachment style as well as ambivalence. Moreover, cardiovascular diseases patients had higher helplessness, problem solving control and avoidance style more than non-patients and the non-patients used higher creativity style, problem-solving confidence, avoidance style more than cardiovascular diseases patients. It was also found that cardiovascular diseases patients used higher physical, cognitive, social worries than non-patients. Overall, the finding indicated that attachment styles, problem solving styles and sensitivity anxiety were important components discriminating cardiovascular diseases patients from non-patients. The suggestion for further studies is about other variables in cardiovascular diseases to provide preventive strategies for these diseases

This research examined the relationship between video games and cognitive skills including critical thinking and creative thinking. This was an analytical and cross-sectional study. The population of the present research consisted of high school students of Ardebil in the academic year 2013-2014. A sample consisting of 105 students, (54 female and 51 male), was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. They filled out two questionnaires, namely the California Critical Thinking Skill Test (CCTST) and Critical Thinking Test (CT). The data collected from the questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) as well as the Scheffe test. To conduct the analysis, the participants were divided into four groups based on the number of hours spent playing video games every day, namely no gaming, less than 1 hour, between 1-2 hours, and more than 2 hours of gaming; they were also divided into four groups based on the number of years they had been playing video games, namely no gaming, less than a year, 1-2 years, and more than 2 years. The results of the one-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in creativity between the four groups based on the hours spent playing and the number of years the subjects had been playing video games (P<0.05). The differences between the four groups in terms of critical thinking were also significant (P<0.05). The findings indicated that the individuals spending up to two hours playing video games on a daily basis had higher levels of creativity and critical thinking compared to non-gamers.

People with social anxiety face barriers to treatment under the pretext of avoiding interaction and the discomfort of self-disclosure. Using remote health services may be an alternative, but there is no research evidence on the effectiveness of Internet-based methods in social anxiety.Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effectiveness of face-to-face and Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy on cognitive distortions and emotion regulation in adolescents with social anxiety.The present study was a field experiment. A total of 51 adolescents with social anxiety disorder were selected by cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to three face-to-face, Internet-based, and control therapy groups. Three groups were interviewed at the beginning and end of the study and answered the social anxiety screening questionnaire (SASA) Levpušček & Videc (2008 ), cognitive distortion questionnaire (CDQ) Beck and Wismann(1978), and emotion regulation questionnaire (ERQ) Jojn and Gross(2003).The two experimental groups underwent therapeutic intervention during ten weekly sessions.The results of ANKOVA analysis showed that both forms of intervention effectively reduced cognitive distortions, improved emotion regulation, and reduced symptoms of social anxiety.Also, the results of MANKOVA analysis showed that in the components of the need to please others and repression, face-to-face intervention only was effective.None of the intervention methods significantly affected the two components of success and perfectionism. In general, in all variables, the impact of the face-to-face intervention was greater than the Internet-based intervention.These results can support the use of Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for adolescents with social anxiety disorder who, due to circumstances, are unable to benefit from face-to-face treatment

Premenstrual syndrome is one of the commonest disorders among women with premenstrual period. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of anger and fatigue with family functions among women with premenstrual syndrome. The research sample consisted of 120 women who were selected among women with premenstrual syndrome in Ardabil, Iran. To collect the data, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, Fatigue Scale, Family Assessment Scale, and Daily Symptom Rating Form were used. The results showed that anger and fatigue are significantly related to family functions in women. The results of multiple regression showed that anger and fatigue explained 42 percent of variance family functions of women. Also results support the role of anger and fatigue on family functions. The results have important implications about prevention and counseling in women with premenstrual syndrome. The findings indicate that clinicians should use psychological trainings to cope with the consequences and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

The family is considered the first social institution created by marriage. One of the outstanding features of a successful marriage is the intimacy between spouses. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between self-control and perceived social support with marital intimacy among female students. The study was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population consisted of married female students of Azad University, North Tehran Branch during 2018-2019. The statistical sample was selected by simple random sampling method from among 150 married female students. To collect data, Marital Intimacy Questionnaire (MIQ) and Self-Control Questionnaire (SCQ) and The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple Linear Regression were used to analyze the data using SPSS-23 software. It was found that a significant positive relationship exists between marital intimacy and perceived social support and self-control in married female students. Further, there is a positive and significant relationship between marital intimacy and self-control. Increasing social support and self-control can improve some aspects of marital intimacy