محمد رضوان

Inflation as an undesirable economic phenomenon in recent years has had devastating effects on Iran economy. This made economic researchers devote plenty of reports and researches to the causes or ways to cope with inflation in Iran. In the present study, considering the importance of inflation, it was tried to take advantage of the econometric model to examine the effect of in Iran economy by using annual information from 1974 to 2021 and by using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM). The results of the GMM model showed that the variables of labor wage index, liquidity volume, time-lag inflation and unofficial exchange rate growth have a positive and significant effect on inflation in Iran. Also, the GDP growth variable has a negative and significant effect on the dependent variable. The study suggests that in order to control inflation, the government in Iran should consider issues such as stability in economic policy-making, adopting appropriate fiscal policies, especially through budgetary discipline, and consistency of monetary and fiscal policies to curb inflation, to be important.

Early developmental support programs have long been recognized for their potential to significantly enhance the cognitive, social, and emotional development of children. These programs, which often combine educational, nutritional, and family support components, are designed to provide children, especially those from disadvantaged backgrounds, with the skills and resources needed for a successful start in life. This letter aims to highlight the long-term outcomes of early developmental support programs, drawing on recent research to emphasize their importance and effectiveness. Early developmental support programs are vital for fostering the cognitive, social, and emotional development of children, particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds. These programs, which often integrate educational, nutritional, and family support components, have demonstrated significant long-term benefits, including improved academic achievement, reduced behavioral problems, and enhanced parental satisfaction. As research continues to underscore the importance of early intervention, it is crucial to invest in and expand these programs to ensure that all children have the opportunity to reach their full potential.