بررسی مؤلفه های محیطی مؤثر بر سلامت در معماری داخلی دانشکدۀ معماری (نمونۀ موردی: دانشگاه فلوریدا، دانشگاه فناوری و طراحی سنگاپور، و دانشگاه لوس آندس)
آرشیو
چکیده
بیان مسئله: در سال های اخیر، بسیاری از فضاهای دانشگاهی به ویژه دانشکده ها، بدون توجه کافی به نیازهای فردی و اجتماعی دانشجویان، طراحی شده اند که این امر بر کیفیت محیط و درنتیجه سلامت روانی، جسمی و اجتماعی دانشجویان تأثیر منفی گذاشته است. در دانشکده های معماری، با توجه به زمان طولانی حضور دانشجویان، محیط بیشتر بر آن ها تأثیر می گذارد. به همین دلیل، طراحی مناسب محیط های دانشگاهی می تواند به فضایی برای رشد، یادگیری و تعامل تبدیل شود و سلامت دانشجویان را تقویت کند . در این راستا ضروری است که معماران و طراحان فضاهای دانشگاهی، مؤلفه های محیطی مؤثر بر سلامت دانشجویان را بشناسند و با استانداردهای جهانی مقایسه کنند تا طراحی بر پایه سلامت را در این فضاها به کار گیرند. هدف پژوهش: هدف اصلی پژوهش، شناسایی و تحلیل مؤلفه های محیطی مؤثر بر سلامت در معماری داخلی دانشکده های معماری است و هدف فرعی پژوهش، بررسی تأثیر هر یک از این مؤلفه ها بر سلامت دانشجویان در نمونه های موردی (دانشگاه فلوریدا، دانشگاه فناوری و طراحی سنگاپور و دانشگاه لوس آندس) است. سؤال پژوهش: جهت دستیابی به این اهداف سؤالات زیر مطرح می شوند: هر یک از مؤلفه های محیطی چه تأثیری بر سلامت می گذارند؟ نحوه عملکرد مؤلفه های محیطی مؤثر بر سلامت، در نمونه های موردی به چه صورت است؟ روش پژوهش: با توجه به هدف تحقیق، این پژوهش از نوع کیفی و کاربردی است. در ابتدا، با استفاده از روش مطالعات کتابخانه ای- اسنادی، مؤلفه های محیطی و ابعاد سلامت استخراج و مدل مفهومی ارائه شده است. سپس، نتایج به دست آمده در نمونه های موردی تحلیل و نتایج آن در قالب جدول ارائه گردیده است. نتایج پژوهش: نتایج پژوهش نشان می دهد که 12 مؤلفه محیطی شامل: نور، دما، سروصدا، بو، گیاه، رنگ، مبلمان، تناسبات و مقیاس، مشارکت و تعامل، امنیت، حریم و قلمرو و انسجام و یکپارچگی تأثیرات قابل توجهی بر سلامت جسمی، روانی و اجتماعی دانشجویان دارند.Examination of Environmental Components Affecting Health in Interior Architecture of the School of Architecture (Case Study: University of Florida, Singapore University of Technology and Design, and University of Los Andes)
Statement of the problem: Due to the increasing number of universities and higher education institutions in recent decades, many residential houses have become educational institutions regardless of the individual and social needs of students, and the internal environment of the university has not been sufficiently considered. Therefore, the willingness of students to attend, the interaction and participation between students and professors, the quality level of the environment and as a result their health has decreased. In the Faculty of Architecture, due to the long presence and activity of architecture students compared to other students, these students are more affected by the environment. Architecture university environment, as one of the most important activity spaces for architecture students, can transform the environment into a space for growth, learning and interaction and enrich the health of users and society.Necessity of the research: Therefore, in order to improve students' performance and increase health dimensions, it is necessary for architects and designers to know the environmental components and compare them with global standards and bring health-based design to them.The purpose of the research: In this regard, the main purpose of the research is to investigate the environmental components affecting health in the interior architecture of architecture universities and the secondary purpose of the research is to investigate the impact of each of the environmental components on health and measure the components in case examples )University of Florida, Singapore University of Technology and Design, and University of Los Andes(Research question: In order to achieve these goals, the following questions are asked: Which environmental components are effective in increasing students' health? How do each of the environmental components affect health? How do environmental components that affect health work in case examples?Research method: The results obtained from the background and theoretical foundations of the research are presented in the form of a conceptual model. The conceptual model of the research shows that 12 components including: color, light, temperature, noise, smell and plants, color, materials, furniture, proportions and scale and participation and interaction, security, privacy and territory, cohesion and integrity have an effect on the health of architecture students. are effective In the second step, the conceptual model of the research was examined and analyzed in case samples, and its results are presented in the form of a table. Researchers' research shows that the presence of sunlight improves mental performance, reduces aggressive behavior, and has a positive effect on cognitive processes, including attention, alertness, mood, executive functions, and memory. Inappropriate temperature increases the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood, physical stress, decreases concentration and thinking, and weakens students' performance. Noise can cause many effects including discomfort, hearing loss and sleep disturbance, decreased self-confidence, anxiety, headaches and reduced concentration. An environment with an unpleasant odor for a long time can cause damage such as: cancer and chronic lung diseases, etc. to create for humans. Increasing the amount of ventilation in communication and social interactions affects the mood as well as the health and safety of students in the university. Being active in the green space improves mood, reduces mental fatigue, promotes relaxation, reduces stress, chronic pain, and creates vitality. The plant in the environment has a positive effect on reducing aggression and discomfort through the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, strengthening the body's immune system, increasing performance and productivity. The use of natural materials and materials such as wood in the environment reduces negative effects and increases the safety of the environment. The non-standard length and width of the classroom and educational environment and the size of various pieces of furniture, including tables and chairs, benches, boards, shelves, etc., endanger physical health and bring premature fatigue to students. By personalizing their environment, students gain a sense of security, self-confidence, and ownership. Personal coherence is an indicator of health. People who have cohesion easily pass through unpredictable and traumatic life events and live longer. Providing the need for human security is the basis for the needs of others and providing social health and mental health. Research results: The results of this research indicate that: 12 environmental components include: light, temperature, noise, smell, plant, color, light, furniture, proportions and scale, participation and interaction, security, privacy and territory, and cohesion and integration. It affects students and causes their physical, mental and social health.
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