تحلیل نشانه- معناشناختی گفتمان سوره عبس (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
نشانه معناشناسی یکی از رویکردهای جدید در شناسایی و تجزیه و تحلیل متون و نیز در فهم چگونگی تولید و دریافت معنا نقش اساسی دارد. تحلیل گفتمان یکی از ابزارهای تحلیل متون ادبی است که ارتباط بین ساختارهای گفتمان مدار و دیدگاههای اجتماعی حاکم بر آن را مورد بررسی قرار میدهد. قرآن کریم سرشار از معانی و نشانه ها که همواره مسیر را برای به کارگیری رویکرد های مختلف تدبر و تحلیل متن را فراهم می سازد. مقاله پیش رو با به کارگیری رویکرد «نشانه معناشناسی گفتمان» و روش توصیفی-تحلیلی به تحلیل سازوکار تولید معنا در فرآیند گفتمانی سوره عبس می پردازد. مرکزیت و جهتمندی فرآیند گفتمان سوره عبس بر «چگونگی ارزیابی و برقرارى ارتباط میان شخصیت های مختلف انسانها و هشدار به متکبرانی که خدا از هدایت قرآنی بی نیاز می دانند» شکل و بنا گرفته است. به طور کلی تحلیل گفتمانی سوره نشان می دهد که غالب عناصر سازنده نظام گفتمانی این سوره، از نوع نظام کنشی و نظام عاطفی شکل گرفته است.A Semio-Semantic Analysis of Discourse in Blessed Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80)
This study employs the approach of "discourse semiotic-semantics" to analyze the process of meaning production within the discursive structure of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80). The research seeks to examine how meaning is organized in this Surah through the interaction of signs, discursive roles, and semantic processes. Since discourse semiotic-semantics emphasizes the dynamism of meaning in linguistic, actional, and emotional contexts, this study aims to demonstrate how Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) systematically conveys its central messages through semiotic mechanisms and semantic oppositions. The primary objective of this research is to identify and analyze the evaluation and communication dynamics between various human characters in the Surah and to explain the model of meaning-making in the encounter with divine guidance. Accordingly, the study explores the positioning of discursive actants, their relationships, and the ways in which they either embrace or reject divine guidance. This research particularly focuses on the Qur’anic warning directed at a group of arrogant individuals who perceive themselves as self-sufficient and independent of divine guidance. The study reveals how the discursive system of Surah ʿAbasa highlights the opposition between humility and self-sufficiency and how it constructs the path of guidance and deviation through semiotic and semantic structures. Research Methodology : This research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach grounded in a structural framework of discourse semiotic-semantics to examine Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80). In this approach, the Surah is initially segmented into distinct discourses, and each discourse is subsequently analyzed based on semiotic mechanisms and semantic processes. Specifically, this research investigates the manner in which the Surah's semantic orientation and the organization of its discursive system are structured, elucidating the formation of semantic relationships among the linguistic, structural, and conceptual elements of the Surah. This analysis reveals that the discourse of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80), through the interaction of linguistic, performative (conative), and affective layers, represents key concepts such as guidance, self-sufficiency, and humility. Research Findings : The discursive structure of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) is fundamentally built upon oppositions between various human characters and their responses to Qur’anic guidance. Discourse analysis of this Surah reveals that its semantic system is primarily structured around a “conative system”, which includes the Prophet’s reactions to different groups, the blind man’s struggle for self-purification, and, in contrast, the arrogance and self-sufficiency of Quraysh’s leaders. Additionally, within the “affective system,” the Surah represents various emotional layers, such that in the second, third, and fourth discourses, various affective objects play a significant role and contribute substantially to the process of meaning production. From a semiotic-semantics perspective, the structure of the verses and lexical choices in Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) lead to the formation of multiple discursive systems, each with distinct semiotic mechanisms and semantic processes. These discursive systems, through semantic oppositions, delineate the pathways of guidance and deviation, emphasizing key concepts such as responsibility, acceptance of guidance, and the dangers of arrogance. Conclusion : A semiotic-semantics analysis of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) reveals that this Surah systematically represents concepts such as reminder, warning, responsibility, and the opposition between receptiveness to guidance and arrogance through its unique discursive and semantic patterns. The semiotic processes embedded in the Surah establish a coherent structure of meaning interactions between characters, events, and Qur’anic propositions, ultimately highlighting the fundamental distinctions between the actions of those receptive to guidance and those who are arrogant. The findings of this study indicate that discourse semiotic semantics can uncover new dimensions of meaning production in the Qur’an. This analysis contributes to a more precise understanding of how semantic organization operates in the Qur’anic text, demonstrating that the key concepts of Surah ʿAbasa (Qur’an 80) are not only meaningful at the lexical level but also at the discursive and intertextual levels, forming a dynamic semantic framework. Accordingly, discourse semiotic-semantics serves as an effective analytical tool for uncovering the hidden layers of meaning in Qur’anic texts and for conducting deeper intertextual analyses of their discursive relationships.
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