بررسی کارکردها، شگردها و فواید اطناب در نفثة المصدور (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
نفثه المصدور از متون فنی و مصنوع قرن هفتم هجری و یکی از زیباترین آثار نثر فارسی در این دوره است. این اثر از جنبه های بلاغی، ادبی و حتی تاریخی در زمره یکی از والاترین متون قرار می گیرد. از ویژگی های نثر این کتاب می توان به تکرار مترادفات، حشو، جملات معترضه و دعایی، اقتباس و فراوانی لغات عربی و... اشاره نمود. در این اثر «اطناب» بسامد بسیاری دارد. عدم آشنایی خواننده با اطناب و انواع آن، خواننده را در فهم متن این کتاب دچار سردرگمی می کند. این جستار به گونه های مختلف اطناب در نفثه المصدور پرداخته است: اعتراض، انواع حشو، جملات دعایی، بدل، نفرین، ایضاح بعد از ابهام، ایغال، تکرار، تذییل، ذکر خاص پس از عام و... . در این جستار بر اساس پژوهش کتابخانه ای و روش توصیفی – تحلیلی برآن است تا شگردهای اطناب در کلام زیدری را مورد بررسی قرار دهد و در نهایت بدان می رسد که اگرچه نفثه المصدور اثر کم حجمی است، ولی نویسنده به دلایل ادبی و بلاغی، معانی اندک را در جملات بسیار بیان نموده است تا با به کارگیری شیوه های اطناب به توصیف ها، مدح و هجوها بپردازد و بسیاری از استشهادات عربی و فارسی و صنایع لفظی و بدیعی چون سجع، جناس، موازنه و... را نیز با مهارت تمام در ظرف اطناب بگنجاند.Investigating the functions, methods and benefits of ropes in Naftha al-Masdur
Naftha al-Masdur is one of the technical texts and artefacts of the 7th century of Hijri and one of the finest works of Persian prose in this period. This work is one of the highest texts in rhetorical, literary and even historical terms. Among the features of prose in this book are the repetition of synonyms, repetitions, protest and prayer sentences, the adaptation and abundance of Arabic words, etc. The word "rope" appears very frequently in this work. The reader's lack of familiarity with ropes and their types confuses the reader in understanding the text of this book. This essay has dealt with the different types of atnaab in Naftha al-Masdur: protest, types of filling, prayer phrases, badal, cursing, explanation after ambiguity, Ihal, repetition, subordination, etc. In this essay, based on library research and the descriptive-analytical method, the methods of rope in Zaydari' speech will be examined and finally it will be concluded that although Naftha Al-Masdur is a small work in size, the author has expressed few meanings in many sentences for literary and rhetorical reasons to describe, praise and satirise by using the methods of rope, and many Arabic and Persian references and creative word arts such as versification, puns, balance, etc. also incorporating them into the rope container with all dexterity.
Introduction:
Naftha al-Masdur is one of the technical texts and artefacts of the 7th century Hijri and one of the finest works of Persian prose in this period. Technical prose is based on the ornamentation and arrangement of words. This type of text tends to use verbal and intellectual techniques such as harmony, puns, contrasts, etc. Attention to verses and hadiths, Arabic poems, Persian and Arabic proverbs and judgments are also among the other features of this type of work. Naftha al-Masdur is one of the highest texts in terms of rhetorical, literary and even historical aspects. Among the features of the prose of this book are the repetition of synonyms, repetitions, protest and prayer sentences, the adaptation and abundance of Arabic words, etc. The word "rope" appears very frequently in this work. If the reader is not familiar with ropes and their types, he will find it difficult to understand the text of this book.
Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted using a theoretical and librarian research method and aims to investigate the methods of ropes in the Zaydari language using a descriptive-analytical method. The scope of the study is mainly Naftha al-Masdur Zaydari, of course, to express the methods and types of ropes, attention was also paid to related rhetorical and literary books.
Results and Discussion:
This paper has dealt with the different types of tau in Naftha al-Masdur: Protest, incantation types, prayer phrases, appositive, curse, explanation after ambiguity, ighal, repetition, subordination, special mention after general and...
Then, in this speech, the benefits of ropes in Naftah al-Masdoor, including; emphasis is useful for exaggeration, synonyms are useful, praise is useful, etc.
Among the benefits of protest, we can mention the usefulness of adapting Quranic verses in speech, the usefulness of Arabic poems and proverbs, the usefulness of description, etc.
Conclusion:
This speech finally concludes that Naftha al-Masdur is indeed a small work; however, for literary and rhetorical reasons, the author has expressed few meanings in many sentences to describe, praise and satirize by using the methods of rope, and many Arabic and Persian quotations and creative word arts such as harmonious, puns, balance, etc. also flow into the rope pot with all skill.
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