الگوسازی توسعه فضایی در شهرهای کوچک برپایه سنجش نیاز ساکنان (مورد مطالعه: شهر دهسرخ) (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
الگوی توسعه فضایی برای هدایت و کنترل مسیر توسعه شهرها در آینده اهمیت ویژه ای دارد و دستورکارهای مداخله در ساختار فضایی شهر را برای سیستم مدیریت شهری ایجاد می کند. در این مقاله با به کارگیری رهیافت برنامه ریزی راهبردی فضای شهری مشکل سو، مبتنی بر سنجش نیاز و رضایت ساکنان در شهر دهسرخ (یک شهر کوچک و در حال گذار از روستا به شهر)، الگوی توسعه فضایی شهر در سطح راهبردی تولید و ویژگی های متمایز آن ردیابی و معرفی شده است. به منظور انجام تحلیل های مرتبط با نیازسنجی و رضایت سنجی از شیوه کمی و کیفی (ترکیبی) بهره گرفته شده است که فنون و روش های کمی (چون تحلیل های آماری توصیفی و آزمون میانگین فریدمن) و کیفی (چون تحلیل متن، تحلیل محتوا و تحلیل متون برآمده از گروه هیئت منصفه ذی نفعان کلیدی) و نیز از لحاظ هدف بیرونی کاربردی و توصیفی-تحلیلی-تجویزی است. مهم ترین یافته های پژوهش بیانگر ضرورت مداخله بر اساس مفاهیم بنیادین، چون پایداری، همبستگی اجتماعی و مشارکت عمومی است که مانع از گسیختگی اجتماعی و گسستگی کالبدی در ساختار فضایی شهر می شود و در مسیر ارتقا و بهبود دسترسی ساکنان به خدمات و امکانات پشتیبان سکونت، روند توسعه شهر را هدایت و کنترل می کند. ارتقای سطح رضایتمندی ساکنان (به ویژه در سطح محلات) ارتباط مستقیم با فراهم شدن دسترسی عادلانه و متعادل به امکانات و زیرساخت های شهری دارد.Spatial Development Modeling in Small Cities Based on Habitant’s Needs Assessment (Case Study: Dehsorkh )
IntroductionThe spatial development model is of particular importance for guiding and controlling the development of cities in the future and creates intervention agendas of urban management system in the spatial structure of the city. Strategic planning is a systematic approach to deciding and implementing activities related to forming and managing a system and its functions. Urban strategic spatial planning emphasizes selectivity, choice of strategic issues, and identification of the planning environment with an analytical-critical perspective. Needs have been introduced as important motivations of individual and collective behavior, so behaviors are reflections of the needs, and sustainability and continuity of human life depend on their satisfaction. Satisfaction can be defined as the level of actual performance of an organization to respond to the expectations of its clients. The lack of needs and satisfaction' assessment processes in urban planning and management system will lead to shortcomings such as: the absence of complete knowledge about citizens’ requests and needs, the lack of mutual relationship between decision-makers and the community, and the absence of applicable theoretical foundations in urban planning and governance.Theoretical FrameworkIn this article, by applying the problem-oriented strategic urban space planning approach, based on needs and satisfaction' assessment processes of residents in the city of Dehsorkh (a small city in transition from a village to a city), the urban spatial planning model has been produced at the strategic level and its distinctive features have been traced and introduced.Urban strategic spatial planning was employed due to the emphasis on the principle of uncertainty in planning, the probability of the planning process, the need to expand the scope of planning in broader political, social, economic, and environmental fields; emphasis on paying attention to the role of various actors (stakeholders); and the ability to support urban planning models based on dual or multiple integrated basic concepts.Focusing on the study area's main and strategic problems allows for guiding the issue and promoting the phenomenon's values. Program priorities are considered by identifying and analyzing problems, and indicators to measure and evaluate program status can be identified.MethodologyThe research method used in this study, in order to analyses related to needs and satisfaction assessment, quantitative (by analyzing descriptive statistical and Friedman test) and qualitative (by analyzing texts and documents by focus group of key stakeholders) techniques and methods have been used based on a descriptive analysis and a prescriptive-analytical study, based on an inductive, applied research strategy.Results and DiscussionThe achievement of this research suggest that the importance of intervention based on fundamental concepts such as sustainability, social unity, and public participation, which prevent social disintegration and physical rupture in urban spatial structure and to guide and control the development process of the city in the direction of improving and improving residents' access to services and facilities supporting housing.ConclusionFinally, according to the obtained results, need for intervention based on fundamental concepts such as sustainability, social solidarity, and public participation that prevent social and physical disintegration in the spatial structure of the city and guide controlling the development process of the city in the direction of improving and promoting residents' access to services and facilities supporting housing. Improving the level of satisfaction of residents (especially at the neighborhood level) is directly related to providing fair and balanced access to urban facilities and infrastructure.
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