تأثیرپذیری اشعار فیض کاشانی از معارف توحیدی نهج البلاغه (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
نهج البلاغه یکی از زیباترین متون دینی در معارف الهی شامل گفتار و پاره گفتارهای علی(ع) است که در قالب بهترین الفاظ و به صورتی هنرمندانه بیان شده و توجه بسیاری از ادیبان و نویسندگان را به خود جلب نموده و در شعر شاعران فارسی زبان بازتاب داشته است. هرچند از فیض بیشتر به عنوان یک مفسر، محدث و عارف یاد شده است، او یکی از شاعران عالم بزرگ شیعی در قرن یازدهم نیز به شمار می رود. ایشان اشعار فراوانی با محوریت توحیدی از خود به جا گذاشته است که پرداختن به آن ها ما را در شناخت بُعد عرفانی فیض، یاری خواهد رساند. پژوهش حاضر در نظر دارد با روش توصیفی تحلیلی مبتنی بر مطالعات کتابخانه ای، با واکاوی دیوان شعر فیض کاشانی، الهام پذیریِ فیض از امیر عارفان در معارف توحیدی و شیوه تأثیرپذیری را به تصویر کشد. نتایج تحقیق نشانگر آن است که بیشترین سطح تأثیرپذیری فیض از معارف توحیدی نهج البلاغه ناظر به معرفی سلبی پروردگار است.The Iinfluence of Monotheistic Teachings of Nahj al-Balaghah on Fayz Kashani's Poems
Introduction From long ago, the words of the Prophet of Islam and religious leaders and divine saints have found their way into Persian poetry and prose. Poets and writers of the Persian language have tried to strengthen their words by religious ideas due to their love and devotion to the Household of the Prophet. This state has continued up to the present moment and become the source of pride for all Persian speakers. Nahj al-Balagha is one of the surces of inspiration. One of the themes in Nahj al-Balagha is theology embodied in sermons like khutba 1, 49, 65, 155, 179. Among Persian-speaking poets inspired by Nahj al-Balagha is Fayz, whose mystical poetry reflects the monotheistic teachings of Nahj al-Balagha. Arising from his heart, Fayz’s poems allow the understanding of the high and sublime concepts of the precious words of Nahj al-Balagheh. In line with that, the questions raised in this study are: 1. which themes illustrare the highest level of influence of Nahj al-Balagha on Fayz's poem? 2. Is the effect of Nahj al-Balagha on Fayz's poems verbal or conceptual?Research Method The research method is descriptive-analytic and the data were collected through library study. In this research, those poems by Fayz concerned with the field of theology are first considered; then, the monotheistic themes of selected poems reflecting Nahj al-Balagha are discussed. Discussion and ConclusionThe following results are obtained from the current research:The examples mentioned in this study show that Imam Ali's words in Nahj al-Balagha influenced Fayz Kashani in composing his monotheistic poems. Nahj al-Balagha is to be one of the most important sources of his intellectual thoughts in mysticism.The bases of Fayz Kashani's epistemology were influenced by Imam Ali’s teachings, including the inability of reason to know the essence of truth, the need to know God before worship, the need for inner purity to gain knowledge of God, and the manifestations of the world. The highest effect of Nahj al-Balagha on Fayz Kashani's poems is related to the monotheistic teachings related to the attributes of God such as those of non-appearance, placelessness, and timelessness.It has Nahj al-Balagha, rather than the words of the Prophet that affected Fayz.One of the best ways to know God, which is mentioned in Fayz Kashani's poems, is thinking about the phenomena of the world.
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