بررسی سیر حضور اسطوره ماهی در مهرپرستی، اوستا و متون پهلوی، متون حماسی و عرفانی (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
ماهی اسطوره ای است کهن که به دلیل انتساب به عنصر مینوی آب، همواره به پاکی و قداست ستوده شده و به سبب همین ظرفیت های ذاتی، در اغلب ادوار تاریخی از مفاهیم و معانی اساطیری سرشار بوده است که در هر دوره ای با توجه به نظام اندیشگانی غالب آن روزگار، عهده دار بیان مضامین نیک و اهورایی است. در این پژوهش با روش تحلیل محتوا، سیر حضور اسطوره ماهی از مهرپرستی تا عرفان بررسی شد و نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که اسطوره ماهی از آغاز تولد مهر در روایت های کهن این آیین مرموز حضور داشته است و به علت تعلّق حیاتش به آب، با آناهیتا نیز در پیوند است. ماهی در اوستا در قالب «کرماهی»، حضوری اساطیری- آیینی دارد که در متون پهلوی نگهبان هوم سپید بوده، از این طریق زندگی بخش زرتشتیان در آخرالزمان است. در متون حماسی و پهلوانی، حضور این اسطوره کمرنگ می شود تا آن که در نهایت در عرفان، در کنار مضامین رازآلود دریای توحید، رمزی می شود از وجود سالکان واصل که در این دریا مستغرق وجود ذات حقند. ماهیت پاک و آیینی این اسطوره در باورها و متون ادوار مختلف، تغییر چندانی نکرده و در هر ساحتی، کارکردهای اساطیری خویش را حفظ کرده است.Investigating the progress of the fish myth In Mehr worship, Avesta and Pahlavi texts, epic and mystical texts
Fish is an ancient myth that has had a significant presence among the myths of ancient nations for a long time and has enjoyed a special place in paintings, drawings, stories, various texts, poems, etc., due to Attribution to the mineral element of water has always been praised for its purity and sanctity, which, due to these inherent capacities, has never been depleted of mythological concepts and meanings, and in any period, according to the dominant thought system of that time, It has been used to express good and Ahurai themes. In this research, using the content analysis method, we investigated the presence of the fish myth from love worship to mysticism, which the results of the research showed The myth of the fish has been present in the ancient narratives of this mysterious ritual since the birth of Mehr, which is also linked to Anahita due to its connection to water. Fish has a mythological-ritual presence in Avesta in the form of "Kermahi", which is the white guardian of Home in the Pahlavi texts, thus it is the life-giver of Zoroastrians in the end times. In epic and heroic texts, the presence of this myth fades until finally, in mysticism, along with the mysterious themes of the sea of monotheism, it becomes a symbol of the existence of the seekers who are immersed in this sea of true existence. The pure and ritualistic nature of this myth has not changed much in the beliefs and texts of different periods, and it has preserved its mythological characteristics in every field. Keywords: Mythology, fish, love, Avesta, Pahlavi texts, epics, mysticism. Introduction Fish is an animal that has a special sanctity due to its association with water and is a symbol of purity, life and freshness. In the past, the sanctity of natural phenomena was directly related to the provision of human biological needs. Fish is often a female myth due to having common characteristics with goddesses; Because the type of reproduction of the fish that has been associated with abundance since long ago, this animal myth also has a lot of sanctity among the ancient nations who own the myth; Because the element of water has been pure and holy among all nations, rituals and religions due to its vital role and its miraculous cleansing power, the presence of fish in the myths of creation and form Taking the earth is a mythological symbol of the era of development. After the ancient period, due to its presence in the story of Yunus the Prophet (pbuh), the fish attracted some of the characteristics and qualities of the poets and caused it to be used in various literary works as a sign of divine contemplation and delay. be employed. Fish in general, as a good and divine symbol, even when depicted in the form of a whale, is an expression of God's awe and prowess, and among mythology, there are not many reports about fish being demonized and its belonging to evil forces, every Although sometimes in some statements and in some cultures, it is used as a symbol other than sanctity and purity, this theme does not harm the concepts of this animal and does not have a demonic meaning that causes it. It can be the fish's connection to water and its connection with the goddesses of water and light. Of course, the fish itself, as a pure and blessed force, has enjoyed a special sanctity since long ago, both among nations whose lives are tied to water and among other mythological states. In this research, we seek to find an answer to the question, what changes has the fish myth experienced in Mehr worship, Avesta and Pahlavi, Pahlavi and mystical texts? And like some other myths, has it been degraded under the influence of the beliefs of the time, or is it always expressing pure and Minoan themes in every era? Materials & methods The research method in this article is a descriptive-analytical method based on the in-text approach to investigate the presence of the fish myth in different beliefs and texts. The method of collecting information is based on the use of
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