پیش بینی خودکارآمدی تصمیم گیری مسیر شغلی بر اساس هوش چندگانه و باور به مهارت ها با توجه به نقش تعدیل کنندگی جنسیت و رشته تحصیلی دانشجویان (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
هدف: مطالعه پیش بینی خودکارآمدی تصمیم گیری مسیر شغلی بر اساس هوش چندگانه و باور به مهارت ها با توجه به نقش تعدیل کنندگی جنسیت و رشته تحصیلی در دانشجویان.روش: روش مطالعه از نظر هدف کاربردی، از لحاظ گردآوری داده ها همبستگی و از نوع تحلیل معادلات ساختاری بود. با استفاده از نمونه گیری چند مرحله ای، نمونه ای به حجم 374 نفر (142 مرد و 232 زن) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در این مطالعه از پرسشنامه های؛ خودکارآمدی تصمیم گیری مسیر شغلی (CDMSE)، هوش های چندگانه (MIQ) و باور به مهارت ها (SCI) استفاده شد. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل و آزمون فرضیات پژوهش از رویکرد معادلات ساختاری و نرم افزارهای Spss26 و Smart-PLS3 استفاده گردید. یافته ها: یافته های پژوهش نشان داد بین هوش چندگانه و باور به مهارت ها با خودکارآمدی تصمیم گیری مسیر شغلی دانشجویان ارتباط معناداری وجود دارد. همچنین در مورد نقش تعدیل گری رشته تحصیلی در پیش بینی خودکارآمدی مسیر شغلی بر اساس هوش چندگانه رابطه معنادار به دست آمد. در حالی که این رابطه برای جنسیت معنادار نبود. با توجه به برازش مطلوب مدل پژوهش و یافته های حاصل از رابطه بین متغیرها می توان گفت هوش چندگانه و باور به مهارت ها در خودکارآمدی تصمیم گیری مسیر شغلی دانشجویان نقش بسزایی دارند. رشته تحصیلی نیز نقش ثانویه دارد که به خاطر تعیین تأثیر آن در رابطه بین هوش چندگانه و خودکارآمدی تصمیم گیری مسیر شغلی دارای اهمیت است. نتیجه گیری: بر اساس یافته های این پژوهش، می توان چنین نتیجه گیری کرد که توجه به توانایی ها و قابلیت های دانشجویان موجب می گردد تا از خودکارآمدی بیشتر برای رشد تصمیم گیری شغلی بهره مند گردند و از آنجا که اشتغال یکی از شاخص های توسعه کشور است هدایت و برنامه ریزی برای قرارگرفتن افراد متناسب با استعداد، رشته تحصیلی و مهارت در مسیر شغلی می تواند خودکارآمدی تصمیم گیری فردی در این مسیر و به تبع آن خودکارآمدی جمعی و سازمانی که یکی از مباحث مهم در توسعه یافتگی جامعه و کشور محسوب می گردد را به دنبال داشته باشد.Predicting Career Decision Making Self-Efficacy Based on Multiple Intelligence, Skills Confidence According to the Moderating Role of Students' Gender and Field of Study
Objective: The aim of this study was to predict the career decision making self-efficacy based on multiple intelligence and skills confidence according to the moderating role of gender and field of study. The statistical population of this research consists of 13921 students of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman in the academic year 2022-2023.Method: The study method was applied in purpose, correlation in terms of data collection and structural equation analysis. Using Multi-stage sampling, a sample of 374 people (142 male and 232 female) was examined. In this study, measurement tools are: Career decision-making self-efficacy scale (CDMSE)، multiple intelligence questionnaire (MIQ), and skills confidence inventory (SCI). Structural equation approach and Spss26 and Smart-PLS3 software were used to analyze and test the research hypotheses.First, a list of all faculties of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman was prepared. then, two courses were randomly selected from each faculty and in the next stage, one class was randomly selected from each course. At the time of the classes, we went to the university and research questionnaires were distributed among the students. After explaining the purpose of the research and keeping the results confidential, they were asked to answer each of the questionnaires according to the instructions. According to the required volume for sampling and elimination of incomplete and incorrect questionnaires, finally 34 questionnaires from each faculty were analyzed.Results:The quality indicators of the measurement model show that skills confidence has a positive and significant effect on the Career decision-making self-efficacy the estimated coefficient is equal to 0.440, which is significant at the level of 99%. Multiple intelligence has a positive and significant effect directly on the Career decision-making self-efficacy. The estimated coefficient is equal to 0.431, which is significant at the level of 99%.. The field of study plays a moderating role on the relationship between multiple intelligence and Career decision-making self-efficacy. The estimated coefficient is equal to 0.483, which is significant at the level of 99%. The field of study does not play a moderating role on the relationship between skills confidence and Career decision-making self-efficacy. The estimated coefficient is equal to -0.007 which is not significant. Gender does not play a moderating role in the relationship between skills confidence and Career decision-making self-efficacy. The estimated coefficient is -0.011 which is not significant. Gender does not play a moderating role on the relationship between belief in multiple intelligences and Career decision-making self-efficacy. The estimated coefficient is equal to -0.002 which is not significant.Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the two variables of multiple intelligence and in skills confidence have a direct effect on students' career decigsion makin self-efficacy. These findings are consistent with the results of researches that increased self-efficacy and decision-making power in choosing a job by using Gardner's theory as a model and the program based on it.The findings related to the effect of skills confidence on the Career decision-making self-efficacy are consistent with two types of research fields, content and process, in the topic of career self-efficacy.Other results showed that the field of study has a moderating role in the relationship between multiple intelligences and Career decision-making self-efficacy. This finding shows the importance of the field of study in the career process. In this research, gender as a moderating variable had no effect on the prediction of career decision-making self-efficacy. In order to further investigate the role of gender, especially in relation to skills confidence, it is suggested that this research be carried out on other samples of male and female students.Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that paying attention to the abilities and capabilities of students makes them benefit from more self-efficacy for the development of career decision-making, and since employment is one of the indicators of the country's development, guidance and planning for Placing people who are suitable for their talent, field of study and skills in the career path can lead to the self-efficacy of individual decision-making in this path and, consequently, collective and organizational self-efficacy, which is considered one of the important issues in the development of the society and the country.
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