Introduction: Self-knowing and self–recognizing are the issues which have been studied in psychology, mysticism and religions. From any view which it is regarded, it shows the man's ability and aptitude in the line of dynamism of individual and the society. With regard to the importance of self-knowing, the main goal of the present research is to study the role of self-knowing for attaining the individual perfection and the formation of ethical society from the view of Attar. Material and Methods: In this essay, descriptive method has been employed and the researchers by studying and reviewing the books and essays about anthropology-religions – sociology and philosophy have looked for the factors of intuition, appearance and vision in the stories of "Manteq-ol-Tayr"; Conclusion: The main view of Sheikh Farideddin Attar, as one could see in most of his works especially in Mantq–ol-Tayr is returning man's attention to himself. Attar in this story explains his self-knowing doctrine to attain an ideal society and then announce his manifest of alliance on the basis of wisdom in the format of a story of birds who plan to find their king=themselves. Any of the birds of Manteq-ol-Tayr is the symbol of people with various thoughts and views.
