ارزیابی اقتصاد شهری شهرستان نقده با رویکرد توسعه پایدار و روش تحلیل PESTEL (مقاله علمی وزارت علوم)
درجه علمی: نشریه علمی (وزارت علوم)
آرشیو
چکیده
اقتصاد و نظام مالی تاثیر بسزایی در تمامی ابعاد زندگی بشر دارد. تبلور نوع و میزان اقتصاد در ساختار و نظام شهرها به چشم می خورد. ازاین رو پایداری در اقتصاد شهری یکی از مسایل مهم شهرها است. لذا شناخت و استفاده کامل از پتانسیل ها و ظرفیت های موجود جهت افزایش اشتغال و درآمدزایی شهرها می تواند تاثیر بسزایی در کیفیت زندگی شهروندان ایفا کند. در همین راستا این پژوهش جهت شناخت و بررسی روش های کسب درآمد و اقتصاد شهری پایدار متناسب با ویژگی ها و پتانسیل های شهرستان نقده انجام شده است. جهت گیری تحقیق به صورت کاربردی و در قالب ارزیابی پتانسیل های موجود اقتصاد شهری می باشد. رویکرد قیاسی و از روش استقرایی همچنین باتوجه به نوع تحلیل ها از هر دو روش کل به جز و جزبه کل استفاده می شود. افق پژوهش چندمقطعی و طولی است. در تحلیل از دو روش کیفی و کمی استفاده شده است. بنابراین تحقیق از نوع کاربری و توصیفی می باشد. در ابتدا به بررسی تئوری های توسعه پایدار و اقتصاد شهری پرداخته شده و سپس وضعیت اقتصادی محدوده با استفاده از تکنیک PESTEL، به صورتی که در هر بعد این روش عوامل موثر بر اقتصاد شهری محدوده تحلیل و بررسی می شود. بررسی شش بعد سیاسی، اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فناوری، زیست محیطی و قانونی و مدیریتی نشان داد که وضعیت با تغییر شرایط اقتصاد کلان و مدیریت صحیح منابع و استفاده از روش های جدید و نوین در ابعاد مختلف اقتصاد خرد، شهرستان نقده پتانسیل و ظرفیت ایجاد اقتصادی تاب آوری همراه با پایدار را دارد اما برای تحقق این هدف برنامه ریزی و مدیریت منسجم همراه با همکاری مردم و مسؤولان نیاز است.Evaluation of Urban Economy in Naghadeh County Regard to Sustainable Development PESTEL Analysis Method
Introduction The approach of sustainable development, as one of the most critical issues of the last decade of the 20th century, has sought the growth and development of cities from various perspectives, especially the discussion of the urban economy. Attitude and attention to different states of stability, which states or cases maintain their stability against multiple incidents, and the more unstable cases inside the system are identified, and planning is done on the way to stabilize the unstable states. In general, it helps to understand better the cycles of stability and instability inside the system so that when a problem or accident occurs, the system can be destroyed due to the unstable system retreating and a slight disturbance in the stable system. Therefore, understanding the current economic conditions of cities and recognizing the economic potential of sustainable development to continue the economic prosperity of cities in the event of a crisis or accident is considered an essential requirement for the country’s cities. The urban economy obviously impacts various urban dimensions, including employment, poverty, informal settlements, marginalization, transportation, traffic, housing prices, migration, pollution, environmental problems, and welfare. However, like other cities in the country, Naghadeh has been facing economic cr in recent years since unemployment, inequality, deprivation, and various types of structural imbalance (related to the balance of payments, industrialization, and urbanization) are clearly seen in many aspects of this county as an unbalanced, non-continuous, incompatible flow. Among the existence of potentials and limitations in various elements, there is a need to choose strategies according to ecology to achieve the goal of maximizing profit and economic efficiency in Naghadeh county and creating legal frameworks, empowering, delegating power, encouraging cooperation, activities of people and public institutions for Disturbing these conditions and creating an equal and balanced environment along with stability. According to the potentials of Naghadeh county in terms of agriculture, tourism, industry, and manufacturing industries, it has countless sources of wealth, but unstable and informal sources of income have become one of the main pillars of the economy in Naghadeh County. Therefore, urban programs and plans have not been able to solve the economic problems of this county; for this reason, to solve the problems of the urban economy sustainably, together with the growth and development of the county, as well as to prevent unstable income, it is possible to rely on economic principles. The harvest and economy of Naghadeh county brought sustainability by evaluating the existing situation, developing sustainable sources of income, and creating a resilient system in the face of various challenges. Therefore, this research, by evaluating and analyzing the urban economy, it is tried to provide effective and codified strategies regarding the correct exploitation in the direction of sustainable income generation in the urban economy and t solve the economic problems of the citizens, government agencies, and organizations and the municipality of Naghadeh County, efficient research is presented to be with practical users to create favorable living conditions for citizens. Materials and Methods The direction of the research is applied in the form of evaluating the existing potentials of the urban economy. The deductive approach is used to put together the accepted facts and derive an efficient result. The inductive method uses partial information, establishes a connection between them, and derives a general verdict. Therefore, according to the type of analysis, both total and minus methods are used. The research horizon is multi-sectional and longitudinal. Due to the use of numbers and quantitative statistics and the review of qualitative data texts, a combination of both qualitative and quantitative methods should be used. Therefore, the research is descriptive. In this research, the theories of sustainable development and urban economy have been examined first. Then, the economic situation of Naghadeh county using the PESTEL technique; in each dimension of this method, the factors affecting the urban economy are analyzed and examined to get an overview of the various macro-environmental factors of Naghadeh county to identify and understand the potential and direction to understand a clear picture in the case of opportunities and threats to stabilize the economic methods and earn money in this county. Findings The investigation in six political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal dimensions shows the high potential and capacity in different economic sectors for this county’s prosperity and promotion of the urban economy. The finding is that the employment rate of the service sector of Naghadeh county is higher in scale than the agricultural and industrial sectors. Still, in terms of the dependence on the agricultural sector, it has a more significant and critical contribution. The favorable condition of soil resources in terms of the topography of the region and the existence of the fertile plain of Naghadeh, as well as the existence of the permanent Gadarchai river and the possibility of economic exploitation of Hasanlu dam, the county, has a high potential in the agricultural sector. Due to the high share of the production of products, the county has a relative advantage in the agricultural products transformation industry sector. It is possible to create a small workshop with a low level of investment. Still, the weakness of production management and commercial exploitation, planning, and organization of production in large and small units in Naghadeh county has not made this possible. Is. In terms of its location, Naghadeh county is located on the border route and the active border terminal of Tamerchin, so it has the ability to develop economic activities to export to the climate of Iraqi Kurdistan. The passage of the Maragheh-Urmia railway network through Naghadeh County allows the movement of goods, especially industrial and production materials, and carrying passengers. Also, according to the stated cases, by effectively supporting the formation and development of cooperatives and the creation and expansion of cooperative towns and complexes, and strengthening the county of Naghadeh with the development of superior social, technical, and engineering services, it can create a county with a regional function (Naghadeh - Oshnavieh - Piranshahr area), and become extra-regional (Mahabad, Sardasht), creating an entire competition market and a free market and creating a political environment where interactions with other countries create the good potential for exporting products. Today, tourism is known as a sustainable and profitable industry in the world. According to the existing potential, Naghadeh county can play a role in this industry. The existence of unique environmental conditions and gifted nature, having natural attractions, historical and cultural areas, natural springs, as well as the establishment of traditional festivals and celebrations can attract many tourists and represent a center for experiencing the culture and lifestyle of the people of the region, and the waters Behind Hasanlu Dam has the potential to become a water sports tourism place and is a suitable place to create a tourist recreation center in the country. Gadar river is the main source of water supply for the wetlands of Naghadeh County, which is the main factor in creating water habitats and wetlands in Naghadeh county and is one of the rivers that supply water to Lake Urmia. Despite its small size, Naghadeh county is known as a wetland county with 18 wetlands. Out of these three international wetlands, four wetlands have been registered nationally. The water volume in this county’s wetlands is decreasing and on the verge of drying up. The drying up of wetlands has many effects on the regional environment, leading to the destruction of habitats and plant and animal species. Conclusion In general, or even economic development, development does not have a precise social definition. Perhaps economic development can be considered a process that continuously improves the welfare and quality of life of a nation or a society. With this definition, the unconscious mind goes towards economic growth and the question that if economic growth and development are two corresponding concepts or not. Amartya Sen, the famous development economist, clearly points out that economic growth should not be equated with development and that economic growth is one of the dimensions of economic development. The evaluation and analysis in six areas showed that the urban economy of Naghadeh county is not in a favorable situation with the approach of sustainable development. But according to the PESTEL analysis, with the change of macroeconomic conditions and the correct management of resources, and the use of new and innovative methods in various dimensions of the micro economy, the county of Naghadeh has the potential and capacity to create a resilient and sustainable economy, but to achieve this goal, planning and consistent management are required. It is needed with the cooperation of people and officials.
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