Journal of Family Relations Studies (JHRS)

Objective:    This study was conducted to investigate the mediation of self-regulated learning strategies in the relationship between achievement goals and test anxiety. Methods:  The present study was a descriptive-correlational research. It included 408 Participants (234 female and 174 male students) of University of Birjand who were selected by convenience sampling method in 2021. Pintridge and DeGrutte self-regulatory learning strategies questionnaire (1990), Friedman and Jacob test anxiety questionnaire (1997) and Middleton and Midgley progress goals questionnaire (1997) were used to collect data and the online links of these questionnaires were provided for the participants. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods such as Pearson correlation and structural equation were used to analyze the data. Results:  Findings showed that achievement goals had an effect on self-regulated learning strategies and test anxiety (p <0.05). Conclusion: Results showed that attention to self-regulated learning strategies and achievement goals was important in improving students' test anxiety. Therefore, the therapists are recommended to improve test anxiety in their treatment meetings consider self-regulation learning strategies.

Objective: Violence against spouse is an important and serious social damage that exists between couples and nowadays it is still observed despite cultural advances and changes in thinking style. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of predicting violence against spouse based on childhood maltreatment experiences of divorce seekers in Isfahan. Methods: The method of this study was descriptive-correlational. In addition, the statistical population of the study included all divorce seekers who were referred to the counseling centers under the contract with Isfahan court of law. These people had already registered in an online divorce platform named Tasmim from May to July in 2021. 211 people were selected by available sampling method for the study and answered the questionnaires. The instruments used in this study were Strauss et al.'s Conflict Tactics Questionnaire (CTS2) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Data analysis was performed by SPSS 22 software, Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis. Results: Pearson correlation findings indicated that all types of maltreatment including physical neglect, emotional neglect, physical abuse, emotional abuse and sexual abuse had a positive and significant relationship with violence against spouse. Furthermore, the results of regression analysis showed that among different types of maltreatment, emotional neglect and emotional abuse predict violence against spouse in divorce seekers in Isfahan. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that child maltreatment can lead to violence against spouse in the future.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between parenting styles and social anxiety symptoms with the mediation of negative self-evaluation. Methods: The study population included the students of the University of Tehran and the Islamic Azad University of South Tehran in 2019-20. A total of 306 were selected by convenience sampling method, who responded to the questionnaires. The research tools were the Social Phobia Inventory (Connor et al., 2000), the Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ) (Buri, 1991), and the questionnaire of negative consequences of social events (Wilson and Rapi, 2005). Pearson's correlation test indicated a significant negative relationship between authoritative parenting and social anxiety and a significant positive relationship between permissive and authoritarian parenting styles, as well as negative self-evaluation and social anxiety. Results: The results of the path analysis test revealed that negative self-evaluation has a significant indirect effect (mediating role) on the relationship between parenting styles and social anxiety. Conclusion: These results can be used to explain the psychopathology of social anxiety symptoms. In addition, self-evaluation and empowering parents to apply appropriate parenting styles can reduce disorders such as social anxiety.

Objective:  The birth of a child with special needs causes problems for the family. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on the psychological capital of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Methods:  The research was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest. The statistical population included all mothers of boys aged 8 to 12 years with autism spectrum disorder in medical and rehabilitation centers in Yazd in 1398. Thirty mothers were selected by available sampling method from Survival Rehabilitation Center as a research sample and randomly placed in two experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. Subjects were assessed by the Psychological Capital Questionnaire. Intervention program of acceptance and commitment-based treatment was performed in 10 sessions of 90 minutes only on the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance through SPSS24 software. Results: The results showed that acceptance and commitment-based therapy improved the psychological capital of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (p 0.01). It can be concluded that acceptance and commitment-based therapy helps mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder to consciously accept their suffering and understand that it is part of the life process and to make more conscious choices in situations of suffering and be more effective. Conclusion: Therefore, according to this finding, therapists can use acceptance and commitment-based therapy as an intervention method in this area.

Objective:  This article focusses on emotional atmosphere and family structure among suicidal attempt among 20 to 13year-old clients referred to hospitals in Hormozgan Province. Methods: The sample consisted of 146 male and female adolescents who attempted to suicide. They were selected by random sampling method. In this research, the Hill Burn family questionnaire, Fellowship Suicide Factor Questionnaire (ASQ) and family structure questionnaire (FAD) were used to collect data. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and entered regression were used. SPSS-20 statistical software was used for data analysis. Results: The results of the analysis showed that there is a negative relationship between the family's emotional atmosphere and its subscales with suicide attempt and also there is a negative relationship between family structure and its dimensions with suicide attempt. Conclusion: The results showed that there is a negative relationship between family psycho-emotional atmosphere and family structure with suicide attempt. The results of regression coefficients analysis showed that family emotional atmosphere and family structure were significantly associated with suicide attempt and could predict clients' suicide attempt (R 2 = 56, N = 146, P ≤ 0.001).

Objective: One of the psychosocial damages that can shake the social, cultural, and family foundations of any society and threaten human abilities is the phenomenon of addiction. Drug use by family members has a significant impact on their lives and those around them, and the most critical effect of addiction is on the addicted spouse. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of family-based education based on the Islamic-Iranian model on emotion regulation and adaptability of addicts' Wives.   Methods: The present study is quasi-experimental and is a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population includes all women with addicted Wives referred to the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Ardakan. A sample of 30 people was selected by the available sampling method and was divided into two experimental and control groups so that each group, there were 15 people. The samples were selected based on the criteria of interest to participate in the research, minimum primary education, age range between 22-50, family monogamy, and spouse addiction to drugs (not psychotropic substances). Each group underwent a pre-test, and then the experimental group received nine individual sessions (one and a half hours per week) of family-based training based on the Islamic-Iranian model. At the same time, the control group was not given any intervention. This study used emotion regulation questionnaires and Family adaptability and cohesion evaluation scale. Results:  Analysis of covariance showed that family-centered education significantly affected the family adjustment of addicted Wives, while no significant effect was observed on emotion regulation. Conclusion: Family-oriented education based on the Islamic-Iranian model helps women to have less reactive behavior by modulating emotions and to be more adaptable to critical situations such as husband's addiction.