فرشته حبیب

One of the ways to achieve high energy efficiency in buildings and an effective system is to utilize local architectural experiences. In this connection, the central courtyard is an element that was used in the past to create comfort in the hot and dry climates of Kashan, Iran. A large part of the literature in the past has focused on this space and investigated factors such as height, length, and presence of water in the courtyard, which are directly related to the studied space. This article concerns the hydrodynamic behavior of the wind under the effects of the length-to-height ratio to reduce the temperature of settlements in Kashan's hot and dry climate, aiming to yield the highest efficiency from this element. This study uses Fluent, Energy Plus, and Open Studio software using a descriptive-analytical method to analyze the data. In the end, it is determined that since the prevalent wind in Kashan comes from a northeast front, it can be utilized by placing the longitudinal direction of the central courtyard on its path. In addition, the optimal state in all models suggests the central courtyard has experienced a length-to-height ratio of 1to4, followed by a ratio of 1to5.

The existence of brownfields in cities, and their common disadvantages, such as pollution and their detriment to natural habitats, have damaged local communities and their environment over time. Whereas the renovation and regeneration of these brownfields and transforming them into centers of activity could assist the economy and society to flourish. At the same time improving the quality of the environment could allow us to attain healthier, more attractive and safer communities. A neighborhood is a social network with a social and regional identity and a place where social interactions occurs. Focusing on enriching the neighborhood, nourishing social life and meeting the social and intellectual needs of the individual. The renovation of the defunct strip of land where the Tehran-Tabriz railway existed and its transformation into a linear park does not only have a positive effect on the local economy and environment but also connects the northern and southern sections of Yaftabad, by increasing safety and social interactions and enriches the local community. This research aimed to answer the following questions: 1- What are the guidelines of improving urban development and the quality of life of the people in regarding restoration and renovation of useless lands? 2- Is the construction of a ‘Green’ Pathways on the borders of brownfields could integrate neighborhoods? In order to address these questions, a descriptive-analytical method was used. In addition to library research and analysis of previously tested procedures in this field, by the help of a questionnaires, which was distributed through local population to specify their requested standards and quality requirements. The results showed that the people greatly desired this brownfield regeneration to a new improved environment and community. In the planning segment, with attention to standards set by the people, suggestions were presented.